Grand dodécaèdre étoiléEn géométrie, le grand dodécaèdre étoilé est un solide de Kepler-Poinsot. C'est l'un des quatre polyèdres réguliers non convexes. Il est composé de 12 faces pentagrammiques, avec trois pentagrammes se rencontrant à chaque sommet. Les 20 sommets ont la même disposition que ceux du dodécaèdre régulier. Raser les pyramides triangulaires donne un icosaèdre régulier. Si les faces pentagrammiques sont cassées en triangles, il est relié topologiquement au triaki-icosaèdre, avec la même connectivité de faces, mais avec des faces triangulaires isocèles plus grandes.
Goldberg polyhedronIn mathematics, and more specifically in polyhedral combinatorics, a Goldberg polyhedron is a convex polyhedron made from hexagons and pentagons. They were first described in 1937 by Michael Goldberg (1902–1990). They are defined by three properties: each face is either a pentagon or hexagon, exactly three faces meet at each vertex, and they have rotational icosahedral symmetry. They are not necessarily mirror-symmetric; e.g. GP(5,3) and GP(3,5) are enantiomorphs of each other.
Covering groups of the alternating and symmetric groupsIn the mathematical area of group theory, the covering groups of the alternating and symmetric groups are groups that are used to understand the projective representations of the alternating and symmetric groups. The covering groups were classified in : for n ≥ 4, the covering groups are 2-fold covers except for the alternating groups of degree 6 and 7 where the covers are 6-fold. For example the binary icosahedral group covers the icosahedral group, an alternating group of degree 5, and the binary tetrahedral group covers the tetrahedral group, an alternating group of degree 4.
Exceptional isomorphismIn mathematics, an exceptional isomorphism, also called an accidental isomorphism, is an isomorphism between members ai and bj of two families, usually infinite, of mathematical objects, which is incidental, in that it is not an instance of a general pattern of such isomorphisms. These coincidences are at times considered a matter of trivia, but in other respects they can give rise to consequential phenomena, such as exceptional objects. In the following, coincidences are organized according to the structures where they occur.
Notation SchoenfliesLa notation Schoenflies (ou Schönflies ou Schönfließ), du nom d'Arthur Moritz Schoenflies, est l'une de deux conventions communes utilisées pour décrire les groupes ponctuels de symétrie (aussi appelés groupes cristallographiques). Cette notation est utilisée en spectroscopie. L'autre convention est la notation Hermann-Mauguin, aussi connue sous le nom de notation internationale. Un groupe ponctuel de symétrie dans la convention de Schoenflies est complètement adéquat pour décrire la symétrie de la molécule ; c'est suffisant pour la spectroscopie.
Polyhedral groupIn geometry, the polyhedral group is any of the symmetry groups of the Platonic solids. There are three polyhedral groups: The tetrahedral group of order 12, rotational symmetry group of the regular tetrahedron. It is isomorphic to A4. The conjugacy classes of T are: identity 4 × rotation by 120°, order 3, cw 4 × rotation by 120°, order 3, ccw 3 × rotation by 180°, order 2 The octahedral group of order 24, rotational symmetry group of the cube and the regular octahedron. It is isomorphic to S4.
