Preterm birthPreterm birth, also known as premature birth, is the birth of a baby at fewer than 37 weeks gestational age, as opposed to full-term delivery at approximately 40 weeks. Extreme preterm is less than 28 weeks, very early preterm birth is between 28 and 32 weeks, early preterm birth occurs between 32 and 34 weeks, late preterm birth is between 34 and 36 weeks' gestation. These babies are also known as premature babies or colloquially preemies (American English) or premmies (Australian English).
Complications de la grossesseLes complications de la grossesse sont des affections et des états pathologiques provoqués par la grossesse. Les pathologies de la grossesse sont nombreuses, en effet la grossesse est une période de vulnérabilité particulière pour la future mère et son enfant à naître. On estime qu'en France 95 % des grossesses se déroulent sans anomalie. On peut également y ajouter les maladies qui existaient avant la grossesse mais qui sont déséquilibrées par celle-ci.
Hypertensive emergencyA hypertensive emergency is very high blood pressure with potentially life-threatening symptoms and signs of acute damage to one or more organ systems (especially brain, eyes, heart, aorta, or kidneys). It is different from a hypertensive urgency by this additional evidence for impending irreversible hypertension-mediated organ damage (HMOD). Blood pressure is often above 200/120 mmHg, however there are no universally accepted cutoff values. Signs of organ damage are discussed below.
Crise d'épilepsie généralisée tonico-cloniqueLa crise d'épilepsie généralisée tonico-clonique est un type de crise épileptique généralisée. Elle se décompose en . La première est la chute, avec une perte de connaissance immédiate. S'ensuit une phase de raidissement des membres, les yeux sont révulsés et le corps est cyanosé, la respiration est bloquée (phase tonique d'environ ). Viennent ensuite la phase clonique, avec trémulation des membres (environ ), puis la phase de coma post-traumatique épileptique, phase post-ictale, avec un relâchement des urines ; la personne est dans un coma de niveau 3.
Syndrome des antiphospholipidesLe syndrome des anticorps antiphospholipides, abrégé SAPL, (anglais : antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, abrégé APLA syndrome ou APLS) est un état de thrombophilie (tendance accrue du sang à former des caillots) acquise à la suite de l’action d’anticorps auto-immuns qui circulent dans le plasma sanguin et se lient aux phospholipides de la membrane cellulaire des plaquettes ou des vaisseaux sanguins provoquant des caillots, responsables des symptômes en perturbant la circulation sanguine.
Hypertensive disease of pregnancyHypertensive disease of pregnancy, also known as maternal hypertensive disorder, is a group of high blood pressure disorders that include preeclampsia, preeclampsia superimposed on chronic hypertension, gestational hypertension, and chronic hypertension. Maternal hypertensive disorders occurred in about 20.7 million women in 2013. About 10% of pregnancies globally are complicated by hypertensive diseases. In the United States, hypertensive disease of pregnancy affects about 8% to 13% of pregnancies.
Medical uses of magnesium sulfateMagnesium sulfate as a medication is used to treat and prevent low blood magnesium and seizures in women with eclampsia. It is also used in the treatment of torsades de pointes, severe asthma exacerbations, constipation, and barium poisoning. It is given by injection into a vein or muscle as well as by mouth. As epsom salts, it is also used for mineral baths. Common side effects include low blood pressure, skin flushing, and low blood calcium. Other side effects may include vomiting, muscle weakness, and decreased breathing.
