Mésothéliome

Résumé

Le mésothéliome est une forme rare et virulente de cancer des surfaces mésothéliales qui affecte le revêtement des poumons (la plèvre), de la cavité abdominale (le péritoine), l'enveloppe du cœur (le péricarde) ou plus rarement l'enveloppe du testicule (vaginale). Le mésothéliome pulmonaire est causé par l'exposition à des fibres minérales (comme l’amiante, ou l'érionite). Les études actuelles permettent d'affirmer (odds ratio de 6,6 et risque relatif de 5,02) sans ambigüité une relation entre l'exposition à l'amiante et le développement d'un mésothéliome péritonéal. Certains individus y ont été exposés sur leur lieu de travail, tandis que d’autres ont été exposés secondairement par des membres de la famille qui, à leur insu, ont ramené des fibres à la maison de leur travail dans leurs vêtements ou leurs cheveux ou sur leur peau. Le mésothéliome est une maladie à déclaration obligatoire en France, les professionnels de santé doivent la signaler au médecin de l'Agence régionale de s

Source officielle

https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9soth%C3%A9liome

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Immunoengineering is an emerging field where engineering principles are grounded in immunology. This course provides students a broad overview of how engineering approaches can be utilized to study immunology, model immune systems, modulate immune response, and develop novel immunotherapies.

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Séances de cours associées (5)

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Low-dose photodynamic therapy promotes a cytotoxic immunological response in a murine model of pleural mesothelioma

Paul Joseph Dyson, Julien Robert Rémi Faget, Aspasia Gkasti, Yameng Hao, Etienne Meylan, Maxime Reichenbach

OBJECTIVES: Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a deadly disease with limited treatment options. Approaches to enhance patient immunity against MPM have been tested but shown variable results. Previously, we have demonstrated interesting vascular modulating properties of low-dose photodynamic therapy (L-PDT) on MPM. Here, we hypothesized that L-PDT vascular modulation could favour immune cell extravasation in MPM and improve tumour control in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors. METHODS: First, we assessed the impact of L-PDT on vascular endothelial E-selectin expression, a key molecule for immune cell extravasation, in vitro and in a syngeneic murine model of MPM. Second, we characterized the tumour immune cell infiltrate by 15-colour flow cytometry analysis 2 and 7 days after L-PDT treatment of the murine MPM model. Third, we determined how L-PDT combined with immune checkpoint inhibitor anti-CTLA4 affected tumour growth in a murine MPM model. RESULTS: L-PDT significantly enhanced E-selectin expression by endothelial cells in vitro and in vivo. This correlated with increased CD8(+) T cells and activated antigen-presenting cells (CD11b(+) dendritic cells and macrophages) infiltration in MPM. Also, compared to anti-CTLA4 that only affects tumour growth, the combination of L-PDT with anti-CTLA4 caused complete MPM regression in 37.5% of animals. CONCLUSIONS: L-PDT enhances E-selectin expression in the MPM endothelium, which favours immune infiltration of tumours. The combination of L-PDT with immune checkpoint inhibitor anti-CTLA4 allows best tumour control and regression.

OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC2020

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Photodynamic drug delivery enhancement in tumours does not depend on leukocyte-endothelial interaction in a human mesothelioma xenograft model

Elodie Debefve, Hans-Anton Lehr, Hubert van den Bergh

OBJECTIVES: The pre-treatment of tumour neovessels by low-level photodynamic therapy (PDT) improves the distribution of concomitantly administered systemic chemotherapy. The mechanism by which PDT permeabilizes the tumour vessel wall is only partially known. We have recently shown that leukocyte-endothelial cell interaction is essential for photodynamic drug delivery to normal tissue. The present study investigates whether PDT enhances drug delivery in malignant mesothelioma and whether it involves comparable mechanisms of actions. METHODS: Human mesothelioma xenografts (H-meso-1) were grown in the dorsal skinfold chambers of 28 nude mice. By intravital microscopy, the rolling and recruitment of leukocytes were assessed in tumour vessels following PDT (Visudyne(®) 400 μg/kg, fluence rate 200 mW/cm(2) and fluence 60 J/cm(2)) using intravital microscopy. Likewise, the distribution of fluorescently labelled macromolecular dextran (FITC-dextran, MW 2000 kDa) was determined after PDT. Study groups included no PDT, PDT, PDT plus a functionally blocking anti-pan-selectin antibody cocktail and PDT plus isotype control antibody. RESULTS: PDT significantly enhanced the extravascular accumulation of FITC-dextran in mesothelioma xenografts, but not in normal tissue. PDT significantly increased leukocyte-endothelial cell interaction in tumour. While PDT-induced leukocyte recruitment was significantly blunted by the anti-pan-selectin antibodies in the tumour xenograft, this manipulation did not affect the PDT-induced extravasation of FITC-dextran. CONCLUSIONS: Low-level PDT pre-treatment selectively enhances the uptake of systemically circulating macromolecular drugs in malignant mesothelioma, but not in normal tissue. Leukocyte-endothelial cell interaction is not required for PDT-induced drug delivery to malignant mesothelioma.

Oxford University Press2012

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Malignant pleural mesothelioma: leukocyte recruitment is not required for drug delivery induced by photodynamic therapy in a human xenograft model

Elodie Debefve, Hubert van den Bergh, Yi Wang

Wiley-Blackwell2011

Chargement

Photodynamic drug delivery enhancement in tumours does not depend on leukocyte-endothelial interaction in a human mesothelioma xenograft model

Elodie Debefve, Hans-Anton Lehr, Hubert van den Bergh

Oxford University Press2012