Types of democracy refers to pluralism of governing structures such as governments (local through to global) and other constructs like workplaces, families, community associations, and so forth. Types of democracy can cluster around values. For example, some like direct democracy, electronic democracy, participatory democracy, real democracy, and deliberative democracy, strive to allow people to participate equally and directly in protest, discussion, decision-making, or other acts of politics. Different types of democracy - like representative democracy - strive for indirect participation as this procedural approach to collective
self-governance is still widely considered the only means for the more or less stable democratic functioning of mass societies. Types of democracy can be found across time, space, and language. In the English language the noun "democracy" has been modified by 2,234 adjectives. These adjectival pairings, like atomic democracy or Zulu democracy, act as signal words that point not only to specific meanings of democracy but to groups, or families, of meaning as well.
A direct democracy, or pure democracy, is a type of democracy where the people govern directly. It requires wide participation of citizens in politics. Athenian democracy, or classical democracy, refers to a direct democracy developed in ancient times in the Greek city-state of Athens. A popular democracy is a type of direct democracy based on referendums and other devices of empowerment and concretization of popular will.
An industrial democracy is an arrangement which involves workers making decisions, sharing responsibility and authority in the workplace (see also workplace).
A representative democracy is an indirect democracy where sovereignty is held by the people's representatives.
A liberal democracy is a representative democracy with protection for individual liberty and property by rule of law.
An illiberal democracy has weak or no limits on the power of the elected representatives to rule as they please.
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Totalitarian democracy is a term popularized by Israeli historian Jacob Leib Talmon to refer to a system of government in which lawfully elected representatives maintain the integrity of a nation state whose citizens, while granted the right to vote, have little or no participation in the decision-making process of the government. The phrase had previously been used by Bertrand de Jouvenel and E. H. Carr, and subsequently by F. William Engdahl and Sheldon S. Wolin. J. L.
Un régime hybride Efn|Les chercheurs utilisent une variété de termes pour englober les "zones grises" entre les autocraties complètes et les démocraties complètes telles que l'autoritarisme compétitif ou le semi-autoritarisme ou l’autoritarisme hybride ou l’autoritarisme électoral ou l’ ou la ou l’illibéralisme ou la ou l’anocratie ou la démocratie déficiente ou la ou la démocratie hybride.|nom=terms est un type de système politique souvent créé à la suite d'une transition incomplète d'un régime autoritaire à un régime démocratique (ou vice versa).
L’illibéralisme est le rejet des principes de la vision libérale. Selon le politiste Matthijs Bogaards, il s'agit d'. Par antagonisme avec la notion de démocratie libérale, le terme est couramment décliné sous l'expression de . Celle-ci est déjugée par certains analystes qui mettent en cause son manque de consistance ou de pertinence. Théorisé à partir des années 1990, le terme émerge dans les années 2010, en particulier pour désigner les orientations des gouvernements hongrois et polonais respectivement dirigés par les partis Fidesz et Droit et justice.
Couvre les méthodes électorales, les contrats intelligents, la démocratie liquide, les mécanismes fondés sur le marché, le hasard, les sybilles, l'anonymat, l'identité, la polarisation, le vote électronique et les technologies pour une société démocratique.
While technology is often claimed to be “democratizing”, the technologizing of society has more often yielded undemocratic or even anti-democratic outcomes. Is technology fundamentally at odds with democracy, or is it merely a rich and infinitely-adaptable ...
The idea of liquid democracy responds to a widely-felt desire to make democracy more "fluid" and continuously participatory. Its central premise is to enable users to employ networked technologies to control and delegate voting power, to approximate the id ...
2020
Digital identity seems at first like a prerequisite for digital democracy: how can we ensure “one person, one vote” online without identifying voters? But the full gamut of digital identity solutions – e.g., online ID checking, biometrics, self-sovereign i ...