Centrale solaire photovoltaïque

thumb|Le Nellis Solar Power Plant comprend solaires PV sur (). Une centrale solaire photovoltaïque est un dispositif technique de production d'électricité renouvelable par des capteurs solaires photovoltaïques reliés entre eux (en série et en parallèle) et raccordé au réseau électrique par des onduleurs. Les centrales solaires sont de plus en plus puissantes (plus de en 2012), contrairement aux systèmes solaires photovoltaïques autonomes destinés à l'alimentation en électricité de bâtiments ou d'installations isolées (autoconsommation) dont la puissance dépasse rarement . En France, ce type de centrale fait l'objet d'appels d'offres spécifiques de la part de l'État, dans le cadre de la programmation pluriannuelle de l'énergie (PPE), qui vise actuellement répartis en six périodes de candidature de chacune, de 2016 à juin 2019, dans l'objectif de tripler la puissance photovoltaïque et de répondre aux engagement énergétiques de la France d'ici à 2023. Les p

DC-DC Converter based on the Asymmetric Multistage Stacked Boost Architecture with Feed-Forward Control for Photovoltaic Plants

Georgios Mademlis, Alfred Rufer, Gina Kristin Steinke

A new feed-forward control technique for a DC-DC step-up converter based on the asymmet-ric Multistage Stacked Boost Architecture (MSBA) is presented in this paper. The proposed closed loop control scheme can provide improved accuracy in the steady-state operation and high dynamic performance. The asymmetric MSBA converter is a single output high-voltage DC-DC step-up converter that comprises several in-series connected capacitors with active voltage balancing circuits. The converter can attain high voltage ratios and thus, it is a suita-ble solution for the high voltage transmission requirements of the large photovoltaic (PV) plants. Selective simulation and experimental results are presented in order to validate the effectiveness and the operational improvements of the proposed control system.

2016

Sensitivity analysis on optimization of PV installation with thermal energy storage

Diane Delphine Remmy

The installation of solar panels on building roofs is increasing and considered as a potential solution to decarbonise the current energy system. However, how to make the best use of this energy is yet to be determined. In this project, two already developed optimization algorithms are compared to analyse the synergy between thermal storage and photovoltaic power production. The energy system includes photovoltaic panels, a heat pump and electric heaters. The conducted sensitivity study shows that the simulation of the thermal and electrical fluxes depends on whether self consumption or the minimization of the operational cost is favoured and thus impacts the usage of the produced power.

2020

Active façades : life cycle environmental impacts and savings of photovoltaic power plants integrated into the building envelope

Gianluca Cattaneo, Angela Clua Longas

Goal Increased energy supply from photovoltaics is a main priority in the “Energy Strategy 2050”. Within the research project “PV2050: Sustainability, market deployment and interaction to the grid – the impacts of advanced photovoltaic solutions” funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation, we analysed different options for the enhanced integration of photovoltaic (PV) technologies into the envelope of Swiss buildings using novel monolithic silicon heterojunction organometallic perovskite tandem cells (SHJ-PSC) with adaptions to improve the visual acceptance. In a joint effort of product developers, architects and scientists, this project aimed at providing pathways for the wide-scale use of PV façade solutions, and developing integrated designs based on emerging high-efficiency module technologies to improve the visual aspect and acceptance of PV systems installed in Switzerland. These so-called active façades using photovoltaic modules to produce electricity can provide a significant contribution to the energy transition away from fossil and nuclear fuels. 2. Methods We compared the environmental impacts of different types of construction for building façades with and without integrated monolithic silicon heterojunction perovskite tandem modules (SHJ-PSC) with improved visual design using a prospective life cycle assessment with a time horizon of 2025. The comparison includes a conventional roughcast façade, a wooden façade, and two different active façades using photovoltaic modules. Furthermore, we compared the environmental impacts caused by the construction of the different façades with the environmental impacts saved due to the electricity produced by the active façades composed of photovoltaic modules. In addition, we analysed the reduction in environmental impact of the building using building-integrated photovoltaics due to substitution of construction materials for the façade or roof. 3. Results The use of photovoltaic modules as façade or roof will increase the environmental impact of the façade or roof compared to the use of conventional construction materials. However, the environmental impacts over the whole life cycle are significantly reduced due to the PV electricity produced by the building. The environmental impacts of the BIPV façade are about two to three times higher compared to a conventional façade, but the savings due to the electricity produced by the BIPV are five to eight times higher than the impacts of the conventional façade. The use of BIPV panels in the façade of buildings will cause net savings of about 600 kg CO2-eq per square meter over the whole life cycle of BIPV façades, while simultaneously saving 100 kg CO2-eq per square meter of façade for the reduced material demand.

2019

Active façades : life cycle environmental impacts and savings of photovoltaic power plants integrated into the building envelope

Gianluca Cattaneo, Angela Clua Longas

Goal Increased energy supply from photovoltaics is a main priority in the “Energy Strategy 2050”. Within the research project “PV2050: Sustainability, market deployment and interaction to the grid – the impacts of advanced photovoltaic solutions” funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation, we analysed different options for the enhanced integration of photovoltaic (PV) technologies into the envelope of Swiss buildings using novel monolithic silicon heterojunction organometallic perovskite tandem cells (SHJ-PSC) with adaptions to improve the visual acceptance. In a joint effort of product developers, architects and scientists, this project aimed at providing pathways for the wide-scale use of PV façade solutions, and developing integrated designs based on emerging high-efficiency module technologies to improve the visual aspect and acceptance of PV systems installed in Switzerland. These so-called active façades using photovoltaic modules to produce electricity can provide a significant contribution to the energy transition away from fossil and nuclear fuels. 2. Methods We compared the environmental impacts of different types of construction for building façades with and without integrated monolithic silicon heterojunction perovskite tandem modules (SHJ-PSC) with improved visual design using a prospective life cycle assessment with a time horizon of 2025. The comparison includes a conventional roughcast façade, a wooden façade, and two different active façades using photovoltaic modules. Furthermore, we compared the environmental impacts caused by the construction of the different façades with the environmental impacts saved due to the electricity produced by the active façades composed of photovoltaic modules. In addition, we analysed the reduction in environmental impact of the building using building-integrated photovoltaics due to substitution of construction materials for the façade or roof. 3. Results The use of photovoltaic modules as façade or roof will increase the environmental impact of the façade or roof compared to the use of conventional construction materials. However, the environmental impacts over the whole life cycle are significantly reduced due to the PV electricity produced by the building. The environmental impacts of the BIPV façade are about two to three times higher compared to a conventional façade, but the savings due to the electricity produced by the BIPV are five to eight times higher than the impacts of the conventional façade. The use of BIPV panels in the façade of buildings will cause net savings of about 600 kg CO2-eq per square meter over the whole life cycle of BIPV façades, while simultaneously saving 100 kg CO2-eq per square meter of façade for the reduced material demand.

2019