Réemploi

Résumé

Le réemploi est, dans le domaine de la prévention des déchets, l'ensemble des systèmes et filières permettant de récupérer des objets avant qu'ils ne soient jetés, afin de leur donner une seconde vie. Il évite ainsi que des biens en fin de vie ne deviennent des déchets. L'archéologie et l'histoire ont montré que le réemploi a existé de tout temps, notamment en architecture, et il n'est pas jugé négatif d'utiliser des déchets dans la construction. Le réemploi est aussi vecteur d'emploi et de réinsertion sociale, par exemple dans les ressourceries, les recycleries et au sein du mouvement Emmaüs. Éléments de définition La notion de réemploi est distincte du recyclage, de la réparation (avec ou sans pièces détachées) et de la réutilisation, qui connaissent des fortunes diverses selon les pays, les contextes sectoriels et les époques. De manière générale,

le réemploi conserve la fonction initiale de l'objet : une roue de voiture est réemployée si elle demeure une roue dans

Source officielle

https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9emploi

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This course will cover mathematical concepts and efficient numerical methods for geometric computing. We will develop and implement algorithms to simulate and optimize 2D and 3D geometric models with an emphasis towards computational design for digital fabrication.

Provide the conceptual, technical and methodological understanding of measuring and evaluating the production/consumption decisions on the environmental, social and economic performance of products and services over their life cycle.

Students will acquire basic knowledge about methodologies and tools for the design, optimization, and verification of custom digital systems/hardware. They learn how to design synchronous digital circuits on register transfer level, analyse their timing and implement them in VHDL and on FPGAs.

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Water is rarely considered to be a crucial aspect in sustainable housing. In fact, water sustainability in eco-districts and in ecological architecture is frequently limited to recycling and reuse solutions. Why less water? What could explain the choice of an installation, of a specific strategy or of a criterion trying to decrease water needs? Terms as ecological footprint or sustainability are becoming more and more used, however, how can sustainability be measured? What does sustainable water mean? What are the parameters that quantify the ecological footprint of a water management system? Within this project, some possible concepts of optimization and valorization of sustainable urban water system have been defined and explored. Numerous studies about water management, water distribution, sanitary technologies, recycling, etc. have already been done. Nevertheless, it is less common to identify the reasons that are able to justify a reduced consumption of water. Eco-district labels propose several solutions for sustainable water, however they are limited by scale or simply focused on one stage of the water cycle. The aim of this project is then to consider water from a larger point of view: through a Life Cycle Analysis approach, needs and properties of different urban water management systems are compared and evaluated. The scale considered for such reflections is effectively a central parameter; in this case, hypothesis will be applied to collective habitations inserted in a district and part of a specific urban context: the city of Fribourg. The urban environment has particular features in relation to surrounding rural areas: energy exchanges, hydrology characteristics and limited ecosystems. The relationship between the use of natural resources and urban development is becoming more and more important; the purpose of this thesis is then to define a methodology able to suggest a sustainable use of water through environmental, political and economic issues. A real urban case study with its current water management system defines what has to be analyzed and allows evaluating the limits and the possible enhancements of such system. Thus, in order to have an idea about the potential of sustainable water management solutions, an ambitious analysis of energy related to water uses and disposals is created and is used to show the reasons for change in a real model as the city of Fribourg. A comparison between two extreme scenarios of Fribourg’s selected zones is finally developed, discussed and implied in the conclusions through specific actions and facts. The results show that a high potential of improvements exist. Using them to elaborate new strategies in collaboration with the several stakeholders contacted may contribute to achieve many of today’s objectives for a sustainable urban water management. The best scenario, chosen with a new concept of eco-label, summarizes and concludes the analysis.

2015

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Publish your thesis while respecting copyright rules

Marjorie Platon, Manon Velasco

It is very common to reuse published (or unpublished) content in a thesis (e.g. in the case of the theses made of a compilation of published articles). It is therefore important to ensure that the use (or reuse) is possible and to ask for authorizations from the rights holders when necessary. This guide provides information on how to reuse other content while respecting the rules of copyright.

2021

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EPFL1997

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2015