Non-scolarisationLa non-scolarisation (en anglais : unschooling) est une méthode et une philosophie d'éducation qui emploie et soutient les activités librement motivées des enfants comme moyen premier d'apprentissage de la vie et des compétences. Les jeunes non-scolarisés apprennent des expériences naturelles de la vie, du jeu sous toutes ses formes, des relations humaines et sociales, des livres et d'internet, de la formation professionnelle, du tutorage et du travail... voire de cours ou études supérieures ordinaires choisis librement.
Alternative schoolAn alternative school is an educational establishment with a curriculum and methods that are nontraditional. Such schools offer a wide range of philosophies and teaching methods; some have strong political, scholarly, or philosophical orientations, while others are more ad hoc assemblies of teachers and students dissatisfied with some aspect of mainstream or traditional education.
Learning environmentThe term learning environment can refer to an educational approach, cultural context, or physical setting in which teaching and learning occur. The term is commonly used as a more definitive alternative to "classroom", but it typically refers to the context of educational philosophy or knowledge experienced by the student and may also encompass a variety of learning cultures—its presiding ethos and characteristics, how individuals interact, governing structures, and philosophy.
Experiential educationExperiential education is a philosophy of education that describes the process that occurs between a teacher and student that infuses direct experience with the learning environment and content. The term is not interchangeable with experiential learning; however experiential learning is a sub-field and operates under the methodologies of experiential education.
Instruction à domicileL’instruction à domicile ou instruction en famille (IEF) (en anglais, homeschooling) est une situation de d'instruction ou d'enseignement alternative proposée par les parents à leurs enfants, qui se déroule au sein du foyer. Encore méconnu en France et dans les pays latins, ce mode d'instruction prend une importance notable et croissante dans les pays anglo-saxons (Royaume-Uni, États-Unis, Nouvelle-Zélande, Irlande) depuis la fin des années 1980. Ce terme est difficile à définir car il englobe plusieurs philosophies et pratiques très variées.
Criticism of schoolingAnti-schooling activism or radical education reform describes: positions that are critical of school as a learning institution and/or compulsory schooling laws; or, multiple attempts and approaches to fundamentally change the school system. People of this movement usually advocate alternatives to the traditional school system, education independent from school, the absence of the concept of schooling as a whole, or at least the right that people can choose where and how they are educated.
Education reformEducation reform is the name given to the goal of changing public education. The meaning and education methods have changed through debates over what content or experiences result in an educated individual or an educated society. Historically, the motivations for reform have not reflected the current needs of society. A consistent theme of reform includes the idea that large systematic changes to educational standards will produce social returns in citizens' health, wealth, and well-being.
Philosophie de l'éducationLa philosophie de l'éducation s'attache à comprendre la nature et les enjeux philosophiques de l'éducation, ainsi que ses implications sur le plan individuel et collectif. Elle soulève notamment des questions axiologiques (place de l’autorité) et politiques (formation du citoyen). La démarche philosophique est avant tout une démarche réflexive et conceptuelle.
