Demande biochimique en oxygène

vignette|Un technicien effectue un test de demande biologique en oxygène, dans une usine de traitement des eaux usées. La demande biochimique en oxygène (DBO) est la quantité d'oxygène nécessaire pour oxyder les matières organiques (biodégradables) par voie biologique (oxydation des matières organiques biodégradables par des bactéries). Elle permet d'évaluer la fraction biodégradable de la charge polluante carbonée des eaux usées. Elle est en général calculée au bout de cinq jours à et dans le noir. On parle alors de DBO5. Définition La DBO, ou Demande Biochimique en Oxygène correspond à la quantité de dioxygène nécessaire aux micro-organismes aérobies de l’eau pour oxyder les matières organiques, dissoutes ou en suspension dans l’eau. Il s’agit donc d’une consommation potentielle de dioxygène par voie biologique. Ce paramètre constitue un bon indicateur de la teneur en matières organiques biodégradables d’une eau (toute matière organique biodégradable polluante entraîne

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Hydrological Importance and Water Quality Treatment Potential of a Small Freshwater Wetland in the Humid Tropics of Costa Rica

Manon Bachelin

Rapid increases in population and growing food demand are causing widespread deterioration of tropical wetlands globally, and an increased focus on the role and function of these imperiled ecosystems is required. Objectives of this study were to investigate the hydrological dynamics and water quality treatment potential of a small freshwater wetland in the humid tropics of Costa Rica. High-resolution, spatially distributed surface water and meteorological data were combined with a detailed topographical survey to quantify the wetland water balance, hydroperiod, and seasonal variability of wetland area, volume, and residence time. The water balance was dominated by precipitation and outflow, with little contribution from runoff, except during the largest storms. Over 80% of the wetland was flooded continuously; hydroperiods in remaining areas were bi-modal. Small seasonal variations in wetland area, volume, and residence times yielded high and sustained water quality treatment potential. Potential pollutant removal efficiencies were 63.6-99.8% for biological oxygen demand; 60.0-99.8% for total suspended solids; 51.1-98.5% for total nitrogen; and 34.2-99.7% for total phosphorous. The study provides insights into the hydrological functions of this and similar small Central American wetlands and provides a template for extending in-depth hydrological monitoring to other tropical wetland sites.

2011

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Development, characterization and application of immobilized biological indicators

1997

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Performance evaluation of 388 full-scale waste stabilization pond systems with seven different configurations

Matthew Eric Verbyla

Waste stabilization ponds (WSPs) and their variants are one the most widely used wastewater treatment systems in the world. However, the scarcity of systematic performance data from fullscale plants has led to challenges associated with their design. The objective of this research was to assess the performance of 388 full-scale WSP systems located in Brazil, Ecuador, Bolivia and the United States through the statistical analysis of available monitoring data. Descriptive statistics were calculated of the influent and effluent concentrations and the removal efficiencies for 5-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), total suspended solids (TSS), ammonia nitrogen (N-Ammonia), and either thermotolerant coliforms (TTC) or Escherichia coli for each WSP system, leading to a broad characterization of actual treatment performance. Compliance with different water quality and system performance goals was also evaluated. The treatment plants were subdivided into seven different categories, according to their units and flowsheet. The median influent concentrations of BOD5 and TSS were 431 mg/L and 397 mg/L and the effluent concentrations varied from technology to technology, but median values were 50 mg/L and 47 mg/L, respectively. The median removal efficiencies were 85% for BOD5 and 75% for TSS. The overall removals of TTC and E. coli were 1.74 and 1.63 log10 units, respectively. Future research is needed to better understand the influence of design, operational and environmental factors on WSP system performance.

Iwa Publishing2017

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Pollution de l'eau

vignette|Les détritus de type déchets ménagers sont souvent indicateurs de pollutions (métaux lourds, micro-organismes) posant des problèmes de santé publique, notamment dans les régions où les eaux d

Épuration des eaux

thumb|Station d'épuration des eaux à Aguas Corrientes, en Uruguay. L’épuration des eaux est un ensemble de techniques qui consistent à purifier l'eau soit pour réutiliser ou recycler les eaux usées d

Traitement des eaux usées

Le traitement des eaux usées est l’ensemble des procédés visant à dépolluer l’eau usée avant son retour dans le milieu naturel ou sa réutilisation. Les eaux usées sont les eaux qui à la suite de leur

ENV-167: Introduction to environmental engineering

This introduction to Enviromental Engineering is meant to show the students how upcoming courses in mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology and other areas will be used to gain a scientific understanding of environmental problems and then help to solve them.

ENV-405: Water and wastewater treatment

This course on water and wastewater treatment shows how to implement and design different methods and techniques to eliminate organic matter, nitrogen and phosporous from wastewater, and how to apply physical and chemical methods and techniques to produce drinking water.

BIO-212: Biological chemistry I

Biochemistry is a key discipline for the Life Sciences. Biological Chemistry I and II are two tightly interconnected courses that aim to describe and understand in molecular terms the processes that make life possible.