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Repoussé (ʁəpuse) or repoussage (ʁəpusaʒ) is a metalworking technique in which a malleable metal is shaped by hammering from the reverse side to create a design in low relief. Chasing (French: ciselure) or embossing is a similar technique in which the piece is hammered on the front side, sinking the metal. The two techniques are often used in conjunction. Many metals can be used for chasing and repoussé work, including gold, silver, copper, and alloys such as steel, bronze, and pewter. These techniques are very ancient and have been extensively used all over the world, as they require only the simplest tools and materials, and yet allow great diversity of expression. They are also relatively economical, since there is no loss or waste of metal, which mostly retains its original size and thickness. Toolmarks are often intentionally left visible in the result. A few among many famous examples of repoussé and chasing are the prehistoric Gundestrup cauldron, the mask on the mummy of Tutankhamun, the body armours of the Bronze Age, the copper ornaments made by the Native Americans in the Southeastern United States, and the Statue of Liberty in New York City. The word repoussé is French and means "pushed up", ultimately from Latin pulsare, which means "to push". Repoussage is the noun to refer to the technique, with repoussé being an adjective referring to a piece to which the technique has been applied (e.g. "repoussé work", "repoussé piece"). Chasing comes from the French word, chasser meaning to drive out, or to chase around which is what the artists are doing as they "chase" the forms on their metal in order to create their final design. The techniques of repoussé and chasing date from Antiquity and have been used widely with gold and silver for fine detailed work and with copper, tin, and bronze for larger sculptures. During the 3rd millennium BC, in the Middle East, a variety of semi-mass production methods were introduced to avoid repetitive free-hand work.

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Concepts associés (15)

Silversmith

A silversmith is a metalworker who crafts objects from silver. The terms silversmith and goldsmith are not exact synonyms, as the techniques, training, history, and guilds are (or were, at least) largely the same but differed in that the end product may vary greatly (as may the scale of objects created). In the ancient Near East (as holds true today), the value of silver to gold was lower, allowing a silversmith to produce objects and store these as stock. Historian Jack Ogden states that, according to an edict written by Diocletian in 301 A.

Repoussé

Le repoussé est une technique employée en orfèvrerie ou en reliure. Le repoussé ne doit pas être confondu avec la technique du repoussage qui concerne les surfaces de révolution (par exemple, couvercle ou cache-pot en tôle) et nécessite un tour à repousser. vignette|Sur argent, parement pour cheveux, Sialk vers le Pour l'artiste orfèvre, le travail consiste à travailler à froid, à l'envers, une feuille ou une fine plaque de métal, de manière à faire ressortir une image ou un ornement, à l'aide de divers outils en métal ou en bois.

Relief (sculpture)

Un relief, en sculpture ou en architecture, dans l'imprimerie ou la lithographie, et dans les arts plastiques en général (parfois aussi en pâtisserie et confiserie), est une technique dans laquelle une figure se détache au-dessus de la surface de son support. Elle s'oppose en principe à la gravure où la figure est creusée et se détache sous cette surface.