In architecture, a clerestory (ˈklɪərstɔːri ; clear storey, also clearstory, clearstorey, or overstorey) is a high section of wall that contains windows above eye level. Its purpose is to admit light, fresh air, or both.
Historically, clerestory denoted an upper level of a Roman basilica or of the nave of a Romanesque or Gothic church, the walls of which rise above the rooflines of the lower aisles and are pierced with windows.
Similar structures have been used in transportation vehicles to provide additional lighting, ventilation, or headroom.
The technology of the clerestory appears to originate in the temples of ancient Egypt. The term "clerestory" is applicable to Egyptian temples, where the lighting of the hall of columns was obtained over the stone roofs of the adjoining aisles, through gaps left in the vertical slabs of stone. Clerestory appeared in Egypt at least as early as the Amarna period.
In the Minoan palaces of Crete such as Knossos, by contrast, lightwells were employed in addition to clerestories.
According to Biblical accounts, the Hebrew temple built by King Solomon featured clerestory windows made possible by the use of a tall, angled roof and a central .
The clerestory was used in the Hellenistic architecture of the later periods of ancient Greek civilization. The Romans applied clerestories to basilicas of justice and to the basilica-like bath-houses and palaces.
Early Christian churches and some Byzantine churches, particularly in Italy, are based closely on the Roman basilica, and maintained the form of a central nave flanked by lower aisles on each side. The nave and aisles are separated by columns or piers, above which rises a wall pierced by clerestory windows.
During the Romanesque period, many churches of the basilica form were constructed all over Europe. Many of these churches have wooden roofs with clerestories below them. Some Romanesque churches have barrel-vaulted ceilings with no clerestory. The development of the groin vault and ribbed vault made possible the insertion of clerestory windows.
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An aisle is, in general, a space for walking with rows of non-walking spaces on both sides. Aisles with seating on both sides can be seen in airplanes, certain types of buildings, such as churches, cathedrals, synagogues, meeting halls, parliaments and legislatures, courtrooms, theatres, and in certain types of passenger vehicles. Their floors may be flat or, as in theatres, stepped upwards from a stage. Aisles can also be seen in shops, warehouses, and factories, where rather than seats, they have shelving to either side.
La croisée d'ogives est un facteur déterminant de l'essor de l'architecture gothique. Développée à partir de la fin du , en Normandie, elle constitue une structure d'arcs en plein-cintre puis brisés en voussoirs de pierre se rejoignant sur une clef au centre des diagonales d'une travée carrée, barlongue ou d'un hexagone puis couvert par un remplissage de voutains légers posés sur les nervures. Cette technique permet de reporter le poids et les poussées de la voûte aux pieds des arcs sur des sommiers contrebutés par des arcs-boutants.
La cathédrale de Canterbury située à Canterbury (Cantorbéry en français) est un édifice de style normand situé dans le comté du Kent. Elle est l'une des plus anciennes et des plus célèbres églises chrétiennes d'Angleterre. Classée au Patrimoine mondial, c'est la cathédrale de l’archevêque de Cantorbéry, primat de toute l'Angleterre et chef religieux de l’Église anglicane. Siège du diocèse de Cantorbéry (Kent est), elle est le centre de la Communion anglicane. Son titre formel est cathédrale et église métropolitaine du Christ de Cantorbéry.
The global construction industry contributes to 37% of carbon emissions associated to both building operations and construction. To help achieve the net-zero targets set by 2050, it is mandated to achieve a 50% reduction in carbon emissions by 2030. As we ...
EPFL2024
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The present simulation case study compares the impact of electric lighting distributions in relation to work-desk location and orientation on work-plane and eye-level illumination within a small private office. The aim of this study is to better understand ...
2021
The city of Lausanne is built on fairly steep slopes, with the consequence that some buildings are leaning against what could be described as cliffs and, therefore, have only one glazed facade. The Rue Saint Martin office building has been built during the ...