Rhoticity in EnglishRhoticity in English is the pronunciation of the historical rhotic consonant /r/ by English speakers. The presence or absence of rhoticity is one of the most prominent distinctions by which varieties of English can be classified. In rhotic varieties, the historical English /r/ sound is preserved in all pronunciation contexts. In non-rhotic varieties, speakers no longer pronounce /r/ in postvocalic environments: when it is immediately after a vowel and not followed by another vowel.
AnglaisLanglais (English ; prononcé : ) est une langue indo-européenne germanique originaire d'Angleterre qui tire ses racines de langues du nord de l'Europe (terre d'origine des Angles, des Saxons et des Frisons) dont le vocabulaire a été enrichi et la syntaxe et la grammaire modifiées par le français anglo-normand, apporté par les Normands, puis par le français avec les Plantagenêt. La langue anglaise est ainsi composée d'environ 29 % de mots d'origine normande et française et plus des deux tiers de son vocabulaire proviennent du français ou du latin.
English-language vowel changes before historic /r/In English, many vowel shifts affect only vowels followed by /r/ in rhotic dialects, or vowels that were historically followed by /r/ that has been elided in non-rhotic dialects. Most of them involve the merging of vowel distinctions and so fewer vowel phonemes occur before /r/ than in other positions of a word. Rhoticity in English In rhotic dialects, /r/ is pronounced in most cases. In General American English (GA), /r/ is pronounced as an approximant ɹ or ɻ in most positions, but after some vowels, it is pronounced as r-coloring.
Prononciation de l'anglaisLa prononciation de l'anglais varie considérablement dans sa phonologie, principalement en raison de son histoire, à travers différentes périodes historiques distinctes, et de son expansion géographique.
Phonological history of English close front vowelsThe close and mid-height front vowels of English (vowels of i and e type) have undergone a variety of changes over time and often vary by dialect. Middle English had a long close front vowel /iː/, and two long mid front vowels: the close-mid /eː/ and the open-mid /ɛː/. The three vowels generally correspond to the modern spellings , and respectively, but other spellings are also possible. The spellings that became established in Early Modern English are mostly still used today, but the qualities of the sounds have changed significantly.
General American EnglishGeneral American English, known in linguistics simply as General American (abbreviated GA or GenAm), is the umbrella accent of American English spoken by a majority of Americans, encompassing a continuum rather than a single unified accent. In the United States it is often perceived as lacking any distinctly regional, ethnic, or socioeconomic characteristics, though Americans with high education, or from the North Midland, Western New England, and Western regions of the country are the most likely to be perceived as using General American speech.
HomophoneA homophone (ˈhɒməfoʊn,_ˈhoʊmə-) is a word that is pronounced the same (to varying extent) as another word but differs in meaning. A homophone may also differ in spelling. The two words may be spelled the same, for example rose (flower) and rose (past tense of "rise"), or spelled differently, as in rain, reign, and rein. The term homophone may also apply to units longer or shorter than words, for example a phrase, letter, or groups of letters which are pronounced the same as another phrase, letter, or group of letters.
Anglais américainLa dénomination anglais américain (American English, étiquette IETF en-US) désigne l'ensemble des dialectes et des accents de la langue anglaise parlée aux États-Unis d'Amérique. Les différences entre General American (l'anglais normalisé aux États-Unis) et Received Pronunciation (l'anglais normalisé au Royaume-Uni) à avoir été les plus étudiées sont les différences phonologiques et, en moindre mesure, les différences de vocabulaire et de pragmatique. Il existe aussi des différences grammaticales.
Received Pronunciationvignette|Enregistrement datant de 2004 d'une locutrice de la received pronunciation. Le texte lu est The North Wind and the Sun, souvent utilisé pour étudier les prononciations de l'anglais. La received pronunciation, aussi appelée Oxford English, Queen's English ou BBC English, est la prononciation traditionnellement considérée comme standard pour l'anglais britannique. C'est le dialecte de prestige en Angleterre, mais il n'a pas de prestige particulier dans les autres pays anglophones.
