Concept
Nature (grammaire)
Concepts associés (40)
Trait (linguistique)
En linguistique, un trait est une caractéristique d'un élément donné. Il s'agit d'un terme générique fédérant un grand nombre de termes techniques plus spécialisés. Type de traits : trait acoustique : fréquence, amplitude, spectre, formants, durée. trait phonétique : consonantique, vocalique, voisée, ouverture, arrondie, avancement, etc. trait distinctif, mérisme : selon la langue trait phonologique : selon la langue trait prosodique : ton, intonation, durée. trait sémantique.
Coverb
A coverb is a word or prefix that resembles a verb or co-operates with a verb. In languages that have the serial verb construction, coverbs are a type of word that shares features of verbs and prepositions. A coverb takes an object or complement and forms a phrase that appears in sequence with another verb phrase in accordance with the serial construction. A coverb appears to be subordinate to a main verb and fulfills a function similar to that of a preposition.
Mot lexical
Les mots lexicaux comme « autosemantica » sont les noms, les verbes, les adjectifs qualitatifs ainsi que les adverbes. Quelques caractéristiques de base : Ils sont en très grand nombre. Ils sont de longueur variable. Ils peuvent être créés, s'il y a besoin. Certains mots lexicaux peuvent être remplacés par des pronoms. Les mots lexicaux sont à différencier des mots-outils. En effet, contrairement aux mots-outils, les mots lexicaux sont en très grand nombre et on peut en créer de nouveaux.
English numerals
English number words include numerals and various words derived from them, as well as a large number of words borrowed from other languages. Cardinal numbers refer to the size of a group. In English, these words are numerals. If a number is in the range 21 to 99, and the second digit is not zero, the number is typically written as two words separated by a hyphen. In English, the hundreds are perfectly regular, except that the word hundred remains in its singular form regardless of the number preceding it.
Pronoms personnels japonais
Les mots japonais que l'on considère comme étant des pronoms personnels se comportent exactement comme des noms. Ils peuvent être omis, si le contexte linguistique et extralinguistique permet d'identifier les agents. Le locuteur a recours à leur usage plus souvent pour préciser délibérément l'agent en question, sinon pour accentuer la présence de ce dernier, produisant un effet de mise en scène, au même titre qu’un « moi » dans un énoncé du type « moi, je mange.
Lexical item
In lexicography, a lexical item is a single word, a part of a word, or a chain of words (catena) that forms the basic elements of a language's lexicon (≈ vocabulary). Examples are cat, traffic light, take care of, by the way, and it's raining cats and dogs. Lexical items can be generally understood to convey a single meaning, much as a lexeme, but are not limited to single words. Lexical items are like semes in that they are "natural units" translating between languages, or in learning a new language.
Light verb
In linguistics, a light verb is a verb that has little semantic content of its own and forms a predicate with some additional expression, which is usually a noun. Common verbs in English that can function as light verbs are do, give, have, make, get, and take. Other names for light verb include delexical verb, vector verb, explicator verb, thin verb, empty verb and semantically weak verb. While light verbs are similar to auxiliary verbs regarding their contribution of meaning to the clauses in which they appear, light verbs fail the diagnostics that identify auxiliary verbs and are therefore distinct from auxiliaries.
Preverb
Although not widely accepted in linguistics, the term preverb is used in Caucasian (including all three families: Northwest Caucasian, Northeast Caucasian and Kartvelian), Caddoan, Athabaskan, and Algonquian linguistics to describe certain elements prefixed to verbs. In the context of Indo-European languages, the term is usually used for separable verb prefixes. Theoretically, any prefix could be called a preverbal element.
Conversion lexicale
La conversion (appelée aussi la dérivation impropre, la dérivation implicite, ou la dérivation zéro) est un procédé de formation de mot par lequel le mot change de catégorie grammaticale sans aucune modification formelle. Elle est considérée comme un des procédés les plus productifs en français moderne. Concernant l’aspect sémantique, en passant dans une autre classe lexico-grammaticale, le mot change de sens et de fonction syntaxique, il change ainsi de place dans la proposition.
Nominal (linguistics)
In linguistics, the term nominal refers to a category used to group together nouns and adjectives based on shared properties. The motivation for nominal grouping is that in many languages nouns and adjectives share a number of morphological and syntactic properties. The systems used in such languages to show agreement can be classified broadly as gender systems, noun class systems or case marking, classifier systems, and mixed systems. Typically an affix related to the noun appears attached to the other parts of speech within a sentence to create agreement.