Transferrine | EPFL Graph Search

La transferrine ou sidérophiline est une protéine sérique de type bêtaglobuline, de poids moléculaire 77 kDa, synthétisée par le foie; elle est constituée d'une seule chaîne polypeptidique porteuses de 3 sites de captation du fer, à raison de 2 atomes de fer par molécule de transferrine. La fonction de la transferrine est le transport du fer de l'intestin vers les réserves hépatiques et vers les réticulocytes. Elle ne capte le fer que si elle a aussi capté un ion carbonate, et inversement. Lorsque la transferrine n'a pas encore fixé le fer, on parle d'apotransferrine. Le taux de transferrine sérique fluctue avec le degré de saturation du sang en fer. Ces variations sont intimement liées au rôle qu'elle joue dans le métabolisme du fer. L’ovotransferrine est la transferrine principale de l'albumen de l'œuf et était appelée autrefois conalbumine. On a trouvé une protéine équivalente chez le plancton marin, dénommée phytotransferrine. Chez l’être humain La protéine

Single-molecule motions of oligoarginine transporter conjugates on the plasma membrane of Chinese hamster ovary cells

Hui Wang

To explore the real-time dynamic behavior of molecular transporters of the cell-penetrating-peptide (CPP) type on a biological membrane, single fluorescently labeled oligoarginine conjugates were imaged interacting with the plasma membrane of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. The diffusional motion on the membrane, characterized by single-molecule diffusion coefficient and residence time (tau R), defined as the time from the initial appearance of a single-molecule spot on the membrane (from the solution) to the time the single molecule disappears from the imaging focal plane, was observed for a fluorophore-labeled octaarginine (a model guanidinium-rich CPP) and compared with the corresponding values observed for a tetraarginine conjugate (negative control), a lipid analogue, and a fluorescently labeled protein conjugate (transferrin-Alexa594) known to enter the cell through endocytosis. Imaging of the oligoarginine conjugates was enabled by the use of a new high-contrast fluorophore in the dicyanomethylenedihydrofuran family, which brightens upon interaction with the membrane at normal oxygen concentrations. Taken as a whole, the motions of the octaarginine conjugate single molecules are highly heterogeneous and cannot be described as Brownian motion with a single diffusion coefficient. The observed behavior is also different from that of lipids, known to penetrate cellular membranes through passive diffusion, conventionally involving lateral diffusion followed by membrane bilayer flip-flop. Furthermore, while the octaarginine conjugate behavior shares some common features with transferrin uptake (endocytotic) processes, the two systems also exhibit dissimilar traits when diffusional motions and residence times of single constructs are compared. Additionally, pretreatment of cells with cytochalasin D, a known actin filament disruptor, produces no significant effect, which further rules out unimodal endocytosis as the mechanism of uptake. Also, the involvement of membrane potential in octaarginine-membrane interaction is supported by significant changes in the motion with high [K(+)] treatment. In sum, this first study of single transporter motion on the membrane of a living cell indicates that the mode by which the octaarginine transporter penetrates the cell membrane appears to either be a multimechanism uptake process or a mechanism different from unimodal passive diffusion or endocytosis.

2008

Regional localization of the human transferrin receptor gene to 3q26.2----qter

Lukas Kühn

Transport of iron across the cell membrane is mediated by the iron-binding serum protein, transferrin, and its cell-surface receptor. Transferrin receptor is required for cell proliferation and may play a functional role in the pathogenesis of iron-storage disorders and some neoplasias. To better understand the possible involvement of transferrin receptor in such disorders, we have determined the chromosomal locus of the receptor gene by in situ hybridization. The human transferrin receptor gene was thus mapped to 3q26.2----qter, a region of chromosome 3 that appears to be involved in metal transport and that is subject to nonrandom structural rearrangements associated with neoplasia.

1985

Endocytosis of the transferrin receptor requires the cytoplasmic domain but not its phosphorylation site

Lukas Kühn

The transferrin receptor (TR) mediates cellular iron uptake by bringing about the endocytosis of transferrin. We investigated whether the cytoplasmic domain of 65 N-terminal amino acids or phosphorylated sites within this domain constitute a structure that is required for TR endocytosis. To test this hypothesis, we modified the cytoplasmic serine residues or introduced a deletion of 36 amino acids by in vitro mutagenesis of a cDNA expression vector for human TR. Upon expression in transfected mouse Ltk- cells, both the wild-type and phosphorylation site mutant receptors mediated transferrin internalization, whereas the truncated receptor did not. These results provide evidence that the cytoplasmic domain, or part of it, is essential for internalization of the TR, but argue against a role for receptor phosphorylation in endocytosis.

1987

Single-molecule motions of oligoarginine transporter conjugates on the plasma membrane of Chinese hamster ovary cells

Hui Wang

2008