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Teetotalism is the practice or promotion of total personal abstinence from the consumption of alcohol, specifically in alcoholic drinks. A person who practices (and possibly advocates) teetotalism is called a teetotaler or teetotaller, or is simply said to be teetotal. Globally, almost half of adults do not drink alcohol (excluding those who used to drink but have stopped). A number of temperance organisations have been founded in order to promote teetotalism and provide spaces for non-drinkers to socialise. According to the Online Etymology Dictionary, the tee- in teetotal is the letter T, so it is actually t-total, though it was never spelled that way. The word is first recorded in 1832 in a general sense in an American source, and in 1833 in England in the context of abstinence. Since at first it was used in other contexts as an emphasised form of total, the tee- is presumably a reduplication of the first letter of total, much as contemporary idiom today might say "total with a capital T". The teetotalism movement was first started in Preston, England, in the early 19th century. The Preston Temperance Society was founded in 1833 by Joseph Livesey, who was to become a leader of the temperance movement and the author of The Pledge: "We agree to abstain from all liquors of an intoxicating quality whether ale, porter, wine, or ardent spirits, except as medicine." Today, a number of temperance organisations exist that promote teetotalism as a virtue. Richard Turner, a member of the society Preston Temperance Society, is credited with using the existing slang word, "teetotally", for abstinence from all intoxicating liquors. One anecdote describes a meeting of the society in 1833, at which Turner in giving a speech said, "I'll be reet down out-and-out t-t-total for ever and ever." Walter William Skeat noted that the Turner anecdote had been recorded by temperance advocate Joseph Livesey, and posited that the term may have been inspired by the teetotum; however, James B.

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Abstinence

L'abstinence est un renoncement volontaire et durable à la satisfaction d'un appétit ou d'une envie. Dans la plupart des cas, le terme désigne l'abstention de rapports sexuels, d'alcool, de tabac voire d'un type de nourriture ou d'une pratique addictive. Cette pratique peut résulter d'interdits religieux (vœu de chasteté chez certains religieux), de considérations pratiques, philosophiques voire politiques. Concernant les problèmes d'alcoolisme, l'abstinence est la cessation de toute consommation d'alcool.

Alcohol (drug)

Alcohol, sometimes referred to by the chemical name ethanol, is a depressant drug that is the active ingredient in drinks such as beer, wine, and distilled spirits (hard liquor). It is one of the oldest and most commonly consumed recreational drugs, causing the characteristic effects of alcohol intoxication ("drunkenness"). Among other effects, alcohol produces happiness and euphoria, decreased anxiety, increased sociability, sedation, impairment of cognitive, memory, motor, and sensory function, and generalized depression of central nervous system (CNS) function.

Mouvement de la tempérance

Le mouvement de la tempérance est un ensemble d'associations, de ligues religieuses ou non, dont la mission est de s'opposer à la consommation d'alcool. Son fondement est souvent d'ordre religieux ou moral : la plupart des mouvements du en Occident sont également associés au mouvement féministe, l'alcool étant souvent la cause de violences conjugales et absorbant une part substantielle des revenus des familles à bas revenus.

Alcohol consumption, alcohol dependence, and related mortality in Italy in 2004: effects of treatment-based interventions on alcohol dependence

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Background: The tradition of consuming alcohol has long been a part of Italian culture and is responsible for a large health burden. This burden may be reduced with effective interventions, one of the more important of which is treatment for Alcohol Depend ...

Biomed Central Ltd2013

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