Chimnyu of BaekjeChimnyu of Baekje (died 385) (r. 384–385) was the fifteenth king of Baekje, one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. He was the eldest son of the 14th king, Geungusu and Lady Ai of the Jin clan. He became king upon Geungusu's death in 384 which was the 10th year of his reign. Samguk Sagi: 384 AD, autumn, seventh month. Messengers were dispatched to the Jin court with tribute. Ninth month. The western monk Malananda came from Jin. The king received him, and kept him in the palace. All cordialities were extended to him.
Pojang de GoguryeoBojang of Goguryeo (died 682; 642-668) was the 28th and last monarch of Goguryeo the northernmost of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. He was placed on the throne by the military leader Yeon Gaesomun. His reign ended when Goguryeo fell to the allied forces of the southern Korean kingdom of Silla and the Chinese Tang dynasty. The period of his rule over Goguryeo is recounted in the final two books of the annals of Goguryeo in the Samguk Sagi. Bojang's given name was Jang, though he was also known as Bojang.
Mandarin (fonctionnaire)thumb|Un mandarin de la dynastie Qing. 'Mandarin' est le terme occidental utilisé pour désigner un haut fonctionnaire lettré et éduqué dans la tradition de Confucius, mis au service de l’empereur de Chine, à l’issue d’une sélection rigoureuse et très limitative des meilleurs candidats. Pendant , entre les années 605 et 1905, la haute administration impériale, tant centrale que provinciale, est tenue par une caste recrutée sur la base de concours extrêmement difficiles ; les examens impériaux.
Pŏphŭng de SillaBeopheung of Silla (r. 514–540 AD) was the 23rd monarch of Silla, one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. He was preceded by King Jijeung (r. 500–514) and succeeded by King Jinheung. By the time of his reign, Buddhism had become fairly common in Silla, as it had been introduced much earlier by Goguryeo monks during King Nulji's reign. One of King Beopheung's ministers, a man named Ichadon, was a Buddhist convert who had even shaved his head and took the tonsure.
DonghakDonghak (formerly spelled Tonghak; "Eastern learning") was an academic movement in Korean Neo-Confucianism founded in 1860 by Choe Je-u. The Donghak movement arose as a reaction to seohak ("Western learning"), and called for a return to the "Way of Heaven". While Donghak originated as a reform movement and revival of Confucian teachings, it gradually evolved into a religion known today as Cheondoism in Korea under the third patriarch Son Byong-hi.
Seong de BaekjeSeong of Baekje (also Holy King, died 554) (r. 523–554) was the 26th king of Baekje, one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. He was a son of Muryeong of Baekje and is best known for making Buddhism the state religion, moving the national capital to Sabi (present-day Buyeo County), and reclaiming the center of the Korean Peninsula. His demise eventually came at the hands of an ally who betrayed him. The name Seong translates as 'The Holy.' Seong was known as a great patron of Buddhism in Korea, and built many temples and welcomed priests bringing Buddhist texts directly from India.
TaebongTaebong (; thɛ.boŋ) was a state established by Gung Ye () on the Korean Peninsula in 901 during the Later Three Kingdoms. The state's initial name was Goryeo, after the official name of Goguryeo, a previous state in Manchuria and the northern Korean Peninsula, from the 5th century. Gung Ye changed the state's name to Majin in 904, and eventually to Taebong in 911. When Wang Geon overthrew Gung Ye and founded the Goryeo dynasty, he restored its original name.
YangbanLes yangban (, historiquement 량반 ryangban) constituaient une classe sociale en Corée jusqu'en 1910 et l'annexion de la Corée par le Japon. Elle se composait d'hommes éduqués selon l'idéal confucéen. Le mot yangban (littéralement : les deux classes) réfère aux deux enseignements professés aux yangban en devenir : l'enseignement littéraire (munban) et l'enseignement martial (muban). Cette classe sociale équivaut pour la France à la haute bourgeoisie d'ancien régime.
Baekjeongvignette|262x262px|Une personne masquée agissant comme un boucher Baekjeong dans une pièce de théâtre. Les baekjeong (백정) étaient une caste intouchable dans la Corée, originaire de certains groupes nomades minoritaires d'ethnie contestée. Au début de la période Goryeo (918-1392), ces minorités se sont principalement installées dans des communautés permanentes. Cependant, l'invasion mongole a plongé la Corée dans la tourmente et l'anomie et ces groupes sont devenus des nomades.
Jewang UngiThe Jewang Un'gi (Songs of Emperors and Kings) is a historical poem composed by Yi Seung-hyu (李承休) in 1287, in the late Goryeo period. Comprising two volumes, it depicts the history of Korea from Dangun to King Chungnyeol, and is the second-oldest text recounting the legend of Dangun. The title is sometimes alternatively translated Rhymed Chronicles of Emperors and Kings. Yi composed the text after retiring from government service to the Cheoneunsa monastery on Duta-san mountain in Samcheok, in present-day Gangwon province.
