Moule zébrée

La moule zébrée (Dreissena polymorpha) est une espèce de mollusques bivalves d'eau douce de la famille des Dreissenidae et du genre Dreissena. Elle a pour origine le bassin de la mer Caspienne. Nomenclature Le nom du genre Dreissena est un hommage à M. Dreissens, pharmacien à Mazeyth. Le naturaliste A. Moquin-Tandon notait, en 1856, qu'on aurait pu l'écrire Dreissensa. Description et alimentation Dreissena polymorpha1.jpg Plus petite que ses cousines marines, elle se nourrit comme elles de plancton et de petites particules de matières organiques par filtration de l'eau. En tant que filtreur efficace et capable de construire des structures, c'est une espèce ingénieur qui structure fortement sa niche écologique, au détriment d'autres espèces là où elle se montre invasive, mais au profit de certains macroinvertébrés (benthiques, qui profitent d'un effet récif en partie semblable à celui d'un récif artificiel par exemple étudié au

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This course provides students with an overview over the basics of environmental chemistry. This includes the chemistry of natural systems, as well as the fate of anthropogenic chemicals in natural systems. It enables students to apply general chemical concepts to natural systems.

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Sources and fate of microplastics in Swiss surface waters

Luiz Felippe De Alencastro, Florian Faure, Olivier Pompini

While plastic pollution in marine environments is getting better known and is the subject of a continuously growing number of publications, freshwaters still receive too little attention. Some studies worldwide focused on the nature and concentrations of microplastics in freshwater bodies, but data is so far very limited and fragmentary. Microplastics were studied in Swiss surface waters since 2012, first in order to show the reality of this contamination, and later to better understand its nature and extent. Microplastics were found in significant concentrations in all the sampled lakes and rivers, both on the water surface, beach sediments and benthic sediments, as well as in organisms (fishes, birds and zebra mussels). They were shown to contain potentially toxic additives, as well as to adsorb hydrophobic contaminants (Faure et al. 2015). Some pathways into the water bodies have then been studied including WWTPs, urban runoff waters, soils or storm overflows. Potential sources and pathways of (micro-) plastics in the Lake Geneva watershed are now the focus, on the basis of the fractions of plastics that enter the environment at all stages of their life cycle depending on their use, and on the plastic types and quantities that can be found in the different environmental compartments. This dual approach of material flow modelling and a strong integration of measured environmental data is the first step towards producing a mass balance of microplastics in the Lake Geneva watershed.

2016

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Micro-)plastic assessment in freshwater ecosystems and the environment

Luiz Felippe De Alencastro, Florian Faure, Olivier Pompini

2016

Chargement

Sources and Fate of Microplastics in Swiss Surface Waters

Luiz Felippe De Alencastro, Florian Faure, Olivier Pompini

While plastic pollution in marine environments is getting better known and is the subject of a continuously growing number of publications, fresh- waters still receive too little attention. Some studies worldwide focused on the nature and concentrations of microplastics in freshwater bodies, but data is so far very limited and fragmentary. Microplastics were studied in Swiss surface waters since 2012, first in order to show the reality of this contamination, and later to better understand its nature and extent. Microplastics were found in significant concentrations in all the sampled lakes and rivers, both on the water surface, beach sediments, and benthic sediments, as well as in organisms (fishes, birds, and zebra mussels). They were shown to contain potentially toxic additives, as well as to adsorb hydrophobic contaminants (Faure et al., 2015). Some pathways into the water bodies have then been studied including Waste Water Treatment Plant (WWTPs) urban runoff waters, soils or storm overflows. Potential sources and pathways of (micro-) plastics in the Lake Geneva watershed are now the focus, on the basis of the fractions of plastics that enter the environment at all stages of their life cycle depending on their use, and on the plastic types and quantities that can be found in the different environ- mental compartments. This dual approach of material flow modeling and a strong integration of measured environmental data is the first step towards producing a mass balance of microplastics in the Lake Geneva watershed.

Elsevier2016

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Grands Lacs (Amérique du Nord)

Les Grands Lacs d'Amérique du Nord forment un groupe de cinq vastes lacs situés sur ou près de la frontière entre le Canada et les États-Unis en Amérique du Nord. Ils constituent le groupe de lacs d'

Lac Érié

Le lac Érié est l'un des cinq Grands Lacs d'Amérique du Nord. Il est bordé à l'est par les États américains de l'Ohio, de Pennsylvanie, de New York au sud, du Michigan à l'ouest et de la province ca

Espèce envahissante

vignette|Renouée du Japon et autres plantes exotiques envahissantes qui affectent les écosystèmes indigènes. thumb| Miconia calvescens, originaire d'Amérique centrale est pointée dans l'accélération d