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vignette|Manifestation aux États-Unis en 2017 contre la prolifération des infox. Les infox, fausses nouvelles, fausses informations, informations fallacieuses, canards, fake news (), sont des nouvelles mensongères diffusées dans le but de manipuler ou de tromper le public. Les articles contenant de fausses nouvelles emploient souvent des titres accrocheurs ou des informations entièrement fabriquées en vue d'augmenter le nombre de lecteurs et de partages en ligne. Elles peuvent émaner de blogueurs ou de réseaux sociaux, de médias, de personnalités politiques ou d'un gouvernement. Les diverses façons de les combattre posent la question de donner la responsabilité à l’État de distinguer « le vrai du faux ». Quand les rédacteurs ne sont pas identifiables, les procédures judiciaires pour diffamation ou calomnie sont difficiles. La vérification des faits par des professionnels respectant une mission et des règles de journalisme d'investigation ambitionne

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Quote Erat Demonstrandum: AWeb Interface for Exploring the Quotebank Corpus

Akhil Arora, Huan-Cheng Chang, Andreas Oliver Spitz, Vuk Vukovic, Robert West

The use of attributed quotes is the most direct and least filtered pathway of information propagation in news. Consequently, quotes play a central role in the conception, reception, and analysis of news stories. Since quotes provide a more direct window into a speaker's mind than regular reporting, they are a valuable resource for journalists and researchers alike. While substantial research efforts have been devoted to methods for the automated extraction of quotes from news and their attribution to speakers, few comprehensive corpora of attributed quotes from contemporary sources are available to the public. Here, we present an adaptive web interface for searching Quotebank, a massive collection of quotes from the news, which we make available at https://quotebank.dlab.tools.

ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY2022

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The Universal Gossip Fighter

Rachid Guerraoui, Anne-Marie Kermarrec, Anastasiia Kucherenko, Rafaël Benjamin Pinot

The notion of adversary is a staple of distributed computing. An adversary typically models “hostile” assumptions about the underlying distributed environment, e.g., a network that can drop messages, an operating system that can delay processes or an attacker that can hack machines. So far, the goal of distributed computing researchers has mainly been to develop a distributed algorithm that can face a given adversary, the abstraction characterizing worst-case scenarios. This paper initiates the study of the somehow opposite approach. Given a distributed algorithm, the adversary is the abstraction we seek to implement. More specifically, we consider the problem of controlling the spread of messages in a large- scale system, conveying the practical motivation of limiting the dissemination of fake news or viruses. Essentially, we assume a general class of gossip protocols, called all-to-all gossip protocols, and devise a practical method to hinder the dissemination. We present the Universal Gossip Fighter (UGF). Just like classical adversaries in distributed computing, UGF can observe the status of a dissemination and decide to stop some processes or delay some messages. The originality of UGF lies in the fact that it is universal, i.e., it applies to any all-to-all gossip protocol. We show that any gossip protocol attacked by UGF ends up exhibiting a quadratic message complexity (in the total number of processes) if it achieves sublinear time of dissemination. We also show that if a gossip protocol aims to achieve a message complexity α times smaller than quadratic, then the time complexity rises exponentially in relation to α. We convey the practical relevance of our theoretical findings by implementing UGF and conducting a set of empirical experiments that confirm some of our results.

2022

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Anatomically plausible illusory posture affects mental rotation of body parts

Olaf Blanke, Mariko Funato, Silvio Ionta, Anna Sforza

During mental rotation (MR) of body parts, people internally simulate the movement of their corresponding body segments. These sensory-motor mechanisms render MR sensitive to proprioceptive information (e.g., posture). Similar mechanisms can alter illusory hand ownership following synchronous visuotactile stimulation (e.g., the rubber hand illusion [RHI]). In the present study, we first showed that illusory ownership for a fake hand can also be induced when the posture of the fake hand (palm-up) does not correspond with the subject's physical hand posture (palm-down). Then we tested whether illusory ownership for a fake hand in such a posture impacts the MR of hands carried out immediately and repeatedly after the RHI. The results showed that MR was altered for the view corresponding to the fake hand's posture, but not for other views. Additionally, these effects depended on illusory ownership, as only synchronous visuotactile stimulation was found to lead to these changes, characterized by a modulation of the rotation-dependent profile of MR response times. These findings show that similar sensory-motor mechanisms are recruited during the MR of hands and illusory hand ownership manipulated through multisensory mismatch, and that bottom-up visuotactile stimulation interferes with high-level imagery processes.

Springer2013

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Facebook

Facebook ( « trombinoscope » en anglais) est un réseau social en ligne appartenant à Meta. Il permet à ses utilisateurs de publier des images, des photos, des vidéos, des fichiers et documents, d'éc

Média social

Les médias sociaux sont des applications web qui permettent la création et la publication de contenus générés par l’utilisateur et le développement de réseaux sociaux en ligne en connectant les profi

YouTube

YouTube (en français : ou , en anglais américain : , en anglais standard , en anglais australien ) est un site web d'hébergement de vidéos et média social sur lequel les utilisateurs peuvent envoyer,

MGT-201: Introduction to entrepreneurship

This course provides an introduction to the topic of entrepreneurship, the process of new firm creation and the commercialization of technologies. The course integrates theories of entrepreneurship with a practical, process-based project in which students develop a business concept in teams.

COM-401: Cryptography and security

This course introduces the basics of cryptography. We review several types of cryptographic primitives, when it is safe to use them and how to select the appropriate security parameters. We detail how they work and sketch how they can be implemented.

CS-411: Digital education

This course addresses the relationship between specific technological features and the learners' cognitive processes. It also covers the methods and results of empirical studies on this topic: do student actually learn due to technologies?