Fluorochrome | EPFL Graph Search

Un fluorochrome ou fluorophore est une substance chimique capable d'émettre de la lumière de fluorescence après excitation. Ce sont des substances composées de plusieurs noyaux aromatiques conjugués ou encore des molécules planes et cycliques qui possèdent une ou plusieurs liaisons π. Applications L'utilisation de fluorochromes en biologie moléculaire est un peu plus récente que celle d'isotopes radioactifs. Elle a l'avantage de donner des résultats très rapidement, voire immédiatement, en s'affranchissant des longs temps d'exposition requis pour la technique par radioactivité. La fluorescence a le désavantage de ne pas être permanente, l'intensité de la fluorescence diminuant avec le temps jusqu'à devenir indétectable. On utilise divers fluorochromes en fonction des applications. Leur emploi à la technique du séquençage a permis d'automatiser et de mettre au point les séquenceurs de gènes modernes, ayant servi aux projets de séquençage de génomes entiers. On doit utilise

A hybrid erbium(III)-bacteriochlorin near-infrared probe for multiplexed biomedical imaging

Jean-Claude Bünzli, Zhiyong Liu, Ting Wang, Fan Zhang

Spectrally distinct fluorophores are desired for multiplexed bioimaging. In particular, monitoring biological processes in living mammals needs fluorophores that operate in the 'tissue-transparent' near-infrared (NIR) window, that is, between 700 and 1,700 nm. Here we report a fluorophore system based on molecular erbium(III)-bacteriochlorin complexes with large Stokes shift (>750 nm) and narrowband NIR-to-NIR downconversion spectra (full-width at half-maximum

NATURE RESEARCH2021

Photochemically active dyes for super-resolution microscopy

Pablo Rivera Fuentes, Zacharias Thiel

The development of super-resolved optical microscopies has revolutionized the way we visualize cell biol. These techniques strongly rely on the use of photochem. active fluorophores that display changes in their photophys. properties upon irradn. with light. Many reversible and irreversible photochem. transformations have been explored for this purpose, and different imaging techniques require specific mechanisms of photoconversion. In this review, we provide an overview of the most common strategies used for the development of fluorophores for super-resoln. microscopy and give specific examples of state-of-the-art fluorogenic probes. Furthermore, we discuss their main field of application and possible directions for future developments.

2018

Novel Chemosensors for Biologically Important Analytes

Ziya Köstereli

In this work, fluorescent-based chemosensors for the detection of important analytes in aqueous solution are described. The sensors are based on different detection concepts, including analyte-induced aggregation/de-aggregation, pattern-based sensing and micelle-based sensing. In chapter 2, we present an analyte-induced aggregation-type chemosensor for the sensing of spermine. A charge-frustrated amphiphile composed of a highly fluorescent pyrene-1,3,6-trisulfonate head group and an eicosane side chain was used as a fluorescence chemosensor. Analyte-induced aggregation of the dye upon addition of spermine results in pronounced fluorescence quenching. The sensor enables the detection of spermine down to the nanomolar concentration range with good selectivity over closely related biogenic amines such as spermidine. In chapter 3, we describe a conceptually new âone-cuvetteâ sensing system for the pattern-based analysis of seven aminoglycosides antibiotics. The antibiotics include amikacin, apramycin, gentamicin, kanamycin A and B, neomycin, and paromomycin. A mixture of two amphiphiles with fluorescent head groups was used as a sensing ensemble. In buffered aqueous solution, the amphiphiles form a dynamic mixture of micellar aggregates. In the presence of aminoglycosides, the relative amount and the composition of the micelles is modified. Accurate differentiation in the low micromolar concentration range is achieved by a principal component analysis of the spectral data. Also, the sensing system allows the differentiation of pure aminoglycosides from their mixtures. In chapter 4, a fluorescent chemosensor based on analyte-induced aggregation/de-aggregation is described for the sensing of Al3+ and citric acid. In buffered aqueous solution, the amphiphilic dye can form aggregates and the aggregation of the dye is associated with a strong quenching of its fluorescence. The Al3+-induced aggregation is used to sense Al3+ in the low micromolar concentration range with high selectivity. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the non-fluorescent dye-Al3+ complex can be used as a sensing ensemble for the detection of citric acid. The assay is able to quantify the citric acid content of commercial beverages such as energy drinks. A simple micelle-based assay for the fluorescence sensing of vitamin K1 is described. In the following chapter 5, the assay enables the detection of vitamin K1 in the low micromolar concentration range. As a sensing ensemble, a mixture of the surfactant triton X-100 and 1 aminopyrene in buffered aqueous solution is employed. Vitamin K1 co-localizes with the fluorescent pyrene dye in the micelle, resulting in fluorescence attenuation by dynamic quenching. The assay displays good selectivity and can be used to determine the concentration of vitamin K1 in a commercial preparation. In chapter 6, a fluorescent-based sensor array for the optical analysis of purine derivatives is described. The array is composed of four polysufonated fluorescent dyes. The complexation of the analytes results in partial quenching of the fluorescence. The Sensor array enables the identification of ten purine derivatives including caffeine, theophylline, theobromine, purine, hypoxanthine, paraxanthine, 8-chlorotheophylline, 6-mercaptopurine, cladribine and penciclovir at low millimolar concentration. Furthermore, it is possible to use the array for obtaining information about the quantity and the purity of samples.

EPFL2015

Novel Chemosensors for Biologically Important Analytes

Ziya Köstereli

EPFL2015