Intergroup relations refers to interactions between individuals in different social groups, and to interactions taking place between the groups themselves collectively. It has long been a subject of research in social psychology, political psychology, and organizational behavior.
In 1966, Muzafer Sherif proposed a now-widely recognized definition of intergroup relations:
Whenever individuals belonging to one group interact, collectively or individually, with another group or its members in terms of their group identification, we have an instance of intergroup behavior.
Research on intergroup relations involves the study of many psychological phenomena related to intergroup processes including social identity, prejudice, group dynamics, and conformity among many others. Research in this area has been shaped by many notable figures and continues to provide empirical insights into modern social issues such as social inequality and discrimination.
While philosophers and thinkers have written about topics related to intergroup relations dating back to Aristotle's Politics, the psychological study of group attitudes and behavior began in the late 19th century. One of the earliest scientific publications on group processes is The Crowd: A Study of the Popular Mind, written in 1895 by French doctor and scientist Gustave Le Bon. Le Bon proposed that a group of individuals is different from the sum of its parts (often paraphrased as "a group is more than the sum of its parts"). This fundamental idea of crowd psychology states that when individuals form a group, this group behaves differently than each individual would normally act. Le Bon theorized that when individuals formed a group or crowd, there would emerge a new psychological construct which would be shaped by the group's "racial [collective] unconscious." Le Bon put forth three phenomena that explained crowd behavior: submergence (or anonymity), when individuals lose their sense of self and responsibility by joining a crowd, contagion, the tendency for individuals in a crowd to follow the beliefs and behaviors of the crowd, and suggestion, which refers to how the beliefs and behaviors of the crowd are shaped by a shared racial unconscious.
Cette page est générée automatiquement et peut contenir des informations qui ne sont pas correctes, complètes, à jour ou pertinentes par rapport à votre recherche. Il en va de même pour toutes les autres pages de ce site. Veillez à vérifier les informations auprès des sources officielles de l'EPFL.
Le cours aborde l'influence sociale qui s'exerce dans et entre les groupes. Les groupes jouent un rôle fondamental nos vies de tous les jours; ce cours fournit une compréhension du fonctionnement des
Examine la formation de groupes, l’identité sociale, les stéréotypes et les conflits ethniques, en mettant l’accent sur l’impact de l’ethnocentrisme et des environnements urbains.
Explore l'identité sociale, la catégorisation et les conflits intergroupes, en mettant l'accent sur l'impact des interactions de groupe sur les perceptions et les comportements.
Explore l'identité sociale, les conflits de groupe et les stratégies visant à réduire la discrimination au moyen d'objectifs et d'affiliations partagés.
Realistic conflict theory (RCT), also known as realistic group conflict theory (RGCT), is a social psychological model of intergroup conflict. The theory explains how intergroup hostility can arise as a result of conflicting goals and competition over limited resources, and it also offers an explanation for the feelings of prejudice and discrimination toward the outgroup that accompany the intergroup hostility. Groups may be in competition for a real or perceived scarcity of resources such as money, political power, military protection, or social status.
thumb|Expérience de Busing aux États-Unis L'hypothèse du contact stipule qu'une des meilleures façons d’améliorer les relations entre deux groupes en conflit est d’établir un contact entre les deux, tout en respectant certaines conditions. Cette théorie s'inscrit dans le champ de l'étude des préjugés en psychologie sociale. En psychologie sociale, les préjugés sont des attitudes négatives ou des prédispositions à adopter un comportement négatif envers les membres d'un exogroupe, c'est-à-dire un membre d'un autre groupe que le groupe d'appartenance, aussi appelé outgroup en psychologie sociale.
La dynamique de groupe est l'ensemble des phénomènes, mécanismes et processus psychiques et sociologiques qui émergent et se développent dans les groupes. Elle est du ressort de la psychologie sociale. Plus précisément, cette expression renvoie aux pratiques suivantes : l'étude (description et analyse) des mécanismes et processus spécifiques aux groupes l'intervention au sein de groupes dans le but de faciliter la compréhension des processus qui s'y développent, et ce afin de générer un changement qui aura des effets sur le groupe ou ses membres.
Global change exposes ecosystems to changes in the frequency, magnitude, and concomitancy of disturbances, which impact the composition and functioning of these systems. Here, we experimentally evaluate the effects of salinity disturbances and eutrophicati ...
Washington2024
In this paper, we introduce a simple Monte Carlo method for simulating the dynamics of a crowd. Within our model a collection of hard-disk agents is subjected to a series of two-stage steps, implying (i) the displacement of one specific agent followed by ( ...
2010
, ,
The feeling of synchrony is fundamental for most social activities and prosocial behaviors. However, little is known about the behavioral correlates of this feeling and its modulation by intergroup differences. We previously showed that the subjective feel ...