Witch doctor

A witch doctor (also spelled witch-doctor) was originally a type of healer who treated ailments believed to be caused by witchcraft. The term is now more commonly used to refer to healers, particularly in regions which use traditional healing rather than contemporary medicine. In its original meaning, witch doctors were not exactly witches themselves, but rather people who had remedies to protect others against witchcraft. Witchcraft-induced conditions were their area of expertise, as described in this 1858 news report from England: Recourse was had by the girl's parents to a cunning man, named Burrell, residing at Copford, who has long borne the name of "The Wizard of the North:" but her case was of so peculiar a character as to baffle his skill to dissolve the spell, Application was next made to a witch doctor named Murrell, residing at Hadleigh, Essex, who undertook to effect a cure, giving a bottle of medication, for which he did not forget to charge 3s. 6d., and promising to pay a visit on Monday evening to the "old witch," Mrs. Mole, and put an end to her subtle arts... the news of the expected coming of the witch-doctor spread far and wide, and about eight o'clock there could not have been less than 200 people collected near the cottage of Mrs. Mole to witness the supernatural powers of the Hadleigh wizard. The Oxford English Dictionary states that the first record of the use of this term was in 1718, in Francis Hutchinson's work An Historical Essay concerning Witchcraft, with Observations upon Matters of Fact; Tending to Clear the Texts of the Sacred Scriptures, and Confute the Vulgar Errors about that Point. Hutchinson used the phrase in a chapter defending a prisoner who was charged with witchcraft, by asserting that the "Witch-Doctor" himself was the one using sorcery: The said Dorothy Durent, having been with a Witch-Doctor, acknowledges upon Oath, that by his Advice she hang'd up her Child's Blanket in the Chimney, found a Toad in it at Night, had put it into the Fire, and held it there tho' it made a great and horrible Noise, and flash'd like Gunpowder, and went off like a Pistol, and then became invisible, and that by this the Prisoner was scorch'd and burn'd lamentably.

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Concepts associés (9)

Witch doctor

Curandero

thumb|Une curandera à Cuenca, en Équateur, en 2009. Un curandero (curandera au féminin) est un guérisseur en Amérique hispanique. Ils administrent des remèdes pour les maladies. Leurs pouvoirs sont considérés comme surnaturels dans la mesure où la croyance populaire dit qu’ils traitent directement avec des esprits malveillants à l’origine des maladies.

Religion populaire

La religion populaire, appelée de manière plus neutre religion « vécue » par Jean Delumeau ou religion « locale » par W. A. Christian, désigne en science des religions différentes formes et expressions d'une religion qui se détache des doctrines et pratiques officielles d'une religion organisée. La religion populaire est une religiosité vécue en distinction de la religion officielle. La définition de la religion populaire est très vague et ses contours flous, variant d'un auteur à un autre.