Planification en FranceLa planification en France, gérée par le commissariat général du Plan, voit le jour en 1946 à l'initiative de Jean Monnet. Elle se poursuivra pendant près d'un demi-siècle selon des modalités différentes. L'idée d'une planification en France n'est pas apparue dans l'immédiat après-Seconde Guerre mondiale : elle fut portée par différents mouvements politiques durant l'entre-deux-guerres, et fut à l'origine de la scission entre la SFIO et le PSdF en 1933, inspirée par le planisme du chef du Parti ouvrier belge Henri de Man.
Welfare capitalismWelfare capitalism is capitalism that includes social welfare policies and/or the practice of businesses providing welfare services to their employees. Welfare capitalism in this second sense, or industrial paternalism, was centered on industries that employed skilled labor and peaked in the mid-20th century. Today, welfare capitalism is most often associated with the models of capitalism found in Central Mainland and Northern Europe, such as the Nordic model and social market economy (also known as Rhine capitalism and social capitalism).
Consensus d'après-guerreLe consensus d'après-guerre désigne une période dans l'histoire politique britannique qui s'étend de la fin de la Seconde Guerre mondiale en 1945 à l'élection de Margaret Thatcher au poste de Premier ministre du Royaume-Uni en 1979. Les origines du consensus d'après-guerre (aussi appelé Butskellism) remontent aux rapports rédigés en 1942 par William Beveridge, qui propose de développer l'État-providence au Royaume-Uni. Peu de temps après la défaite de l'Allemagne en , des élections générales ont lieu au Royaume-Uni.
Social corporatismSocial corporatism, also called social democratic corporatism, is a form of economic tripartite corporatism based upon a social partnership between the interests of capital and labour, involving collective bargaining between representatives of employers and of labour mediated by the government at the national level. Social corporatism is present to a lesser degree in the Western European social market economies. It is considered a compromise to regulate the conflict between capital and labour by mandating them to engage in mutual consultations that are mediated by the government.
Socialist-oriented market economyThe socialist-oriented market economy (Vietnamese: Kinh tế thị trường định hướng xã hội chủ nghĩa) is the official title given to the current economic system in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. It is described as a multi-sectoral market economy where the state sector plays the decisive role in directing economic development, with the eventual long-term goal of developing socialism. The socialist-oriented market economy is a product of the Đổi Mới economic reforms which led to the replacement of the centrally planned economy with a market-based mixed economy based on the predominance of state-owned industry.
Post–World War II economic expansionThe post–World War II economic expansion, also known as the postwar economic boom or the Golden Age of Capitalism, was a broad period of worldwide economic expansion beginning with the aftermath of World War II and ending with the 1973–1975 recession. The United States, the Soviet Union and Western European and East Asian countries in particular experienced unusually high and sustained growth, together with full employment.
Calculation in kindNOTOC Calculation in kind or calculation in-natura is a way of valuating resources and a system of accounting that uses disaggregated physical magnitudes as opposed to a common unit of calculation. As the basis for a socialist economy, it was proposed to replace money and financial calculation. In an in-kind economy products are produced for their use values (their utility) and accounted in physical terms. By contrast, in money-based economies, commodities are produced for their exchange value and accounted in monetary terms.
Crédit socialLe crédit social est une idéologie économique et un mouvement social qui est apparu au début des années 1920. À l'origine, c'était une théorie économique développée par l'ingénieur écossais Clifford Hugh Douglas. Chaque citoyen reçoit chaque année un total de monnaie créée proportionnel à la croissance des biens et services, et inversement proportionnel au nombre de citoyens de la zone monétaire. Le nom « crédit social » dérive de son désir de faire que le but du système monétaire (« crédit ») soit l'amélioration de la société (« social »).
Post-warA post-war or postwar period is the interval immediately following the end of a war. The term usually refers to a varying period of time after World War II, which ended in 1945. A post-war period can become an interwar period or interbellum, when a war between the same parties resumes at a later date (such as the period between World War I and World War II). By contrast, a post-war period marks the cessation of armed conflict entirely.
Market fundamentalismMarket fundamentalism, also known as free-market fundamentalism, is a term applied to a strong belief in the ability of unregulated laissez-faire or free-market capitalist policies to solve most economic and social problems. It is often used as pejorative by critics of said beliefs. Palagummi Sainath believes Jeremy Seabrook, a journalist and campaigner, first used the term. The term was used by Jonathan Benthall in an Anthropology Today editorial in 1991 and by John Langmore and John Quiggin in their 1994 book Work for All.
