Énergie aux États-Unis

Le secteur de l'énergie aux États-Unis est marqué par la prépondérance des combustibles fossiles (82,3 % de la production d'énergie primaire et 81,7 % de la consommation d'énergie primaire en 2021) : pétrole (33,1 % de la production, 35,8 % de la consommation), charbon (12,8 % et 12,4 %) et gaz naturel (36,5 % et 33,5 %). Le nucléaire assure 9,7 % de la production, couvrant 9,5 % de la consommation ; les énergies renouvelables fournissent 8,0 % de la production, couvrant 8,6 % de la consommation. La puissance de ce secteur est mise en évidence par les classements internationaux : les États-Unis sont en 2022 au mondial pour la production de pétrole (17,2 % du total mondial), devant l'Arabie Saoudite (13 %) et la Russie (12,4 %) ; au mondial pour la production de gaz naturel (24,2 % du total mondial), de produits pétroliers, d'électricité nucléaire (30,3 % du total mondial) et géothermique, au mondial derrière la Chine pour la production totale d'électricité (15,6 %), celle d'élect

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The influence of centrality on the global energy consumption in Swiss neighborhoods

Sophie Lufkin, Laure-Emmanuelle Perret Aebi

The objective of this research is to compare the energy consumption of seven recently built residential neighborhoods in the urban region of Neuchâtel, Switzerland, in order to identify the influence of centrality on total energy spending. Primary energy is used as a common reference value to include the energy required for construction, operation and transportation. An additional objective is to identify which types of energy expenditures account for the largest portion of the overall balance. Operating energy has the greatest impact on the total consumption, which highlights the need for measures promoting the construction of buildings that are highly energy efficient, despite the additional initial investment. Total energy consumption correlates to centrality only when related to households, which highlights the prevalence of occupant density over built density. These results allow setting objectives for new urban housing that meet both energy standards for buildings and the needs of households that contain a greater number of people, in an attractive, affordable manner.

Elsevier2013

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Benchmark Models for Air Conditioned Residential Buildings in Hot Humid Climate

Shady Galal Mohamed Attia

This study reports the results of a recent field survey for residential apartment buildings in Egypt. The aim of the survey is to create representative building energy models. Two building performance simulation models are created reflecting the average energy consumption characteristics of air-conditioned residential apartments in Alexandria, Cairo and Asyut. Aiming for future evaluation of the cost and energy affects of the new Egyptian energy standard this study established two detailed models describing the energy use profiles for air-conditioners, lighting, DHW and appliances in respect to buildings layout and construction. Using EnergyPlus simulation tool the collected surveyed data was used as input for two building simulation models. The simulation models were verified against the apartment characteristic found in the survey. This paper presents details of the building models including the energy use patterns and profiles created for this study.

2013

Chargement

Integration of energy issues into the design process of sustainable neighborhoods

The increasing importance of sustainability in urban and architectural design progressively influences the conception of urban neighborhoods. Among the multiple aspects of this evolution, the reduction of global energy consumption plays a crucial role. Its full achievement involves carrying out different complementary strategies in a structured approach at the territorial, urban, architectural and constructive levels. Analyses made during the realization of the Ecoparc neighborhood in Neuchâtel (Switzerland) provide the opportunity to illustrate these multiple issues.

2006

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Energy development

Energy development is the field of activities focused on obtaining sources of energy from natural resources. These activities include the production of renewable, nuclear, and fossil fuel derived so

Barack Obama

Barack Obama , né le à Honolulu (Hawaï), est un homme d'État américain. Il est le président des États-Unis, en fonction du au . Fils d'un Kényan et d'une Américaine du Kansas d’ascendance anglaise

Géothermie

La géothermie, du grec géo (« la Terre ») et thermos (« la chaleur »), est à la fois la science qui étudie les phénomènes thermiques internes du globe terrestre, et la technique qui vise à les explo

ME-469: Nano-scale heat transfer

In this course we study heat transfer (and energy conversion) from a microscopic perspective. This allows us to understand why classical laws (i.e. Fourier Law) are what they are and what are their limits of validity . We will then discuss emerging opprotunities in nanoscale devices.

MICRO-330: Sensors

Comprendre les principes physiques utilisés dans les capteurs. Vue générale des différents principes de transduction et de l'électronique associée. Montrer des exemples d'application.

MICRO-505: Organic and printed electronics

This course addresses the implementation of organic and printed electronics technologies using large area manufacturing techniques. It will provide knowledge on materials, printing techniques, devices, systems, and applications: state of the art and current status on commercialization.