In law, medicine, and statistics, cause of death is an official determination of the conditions resulting in a human's death, which may be recorded on a death certificate. A cause of death is determined by a medical examiner. In rare cases, an autopsy needs to be performed by a pathologist. The cause of death is a specific disease or injury, in contrast to the manner of death, which is a small number of categories like "natural", "accident", "suicide", and "homicide", each with different legal implications.
International Classification of Disease (ICD) codes can be used to record manner and cause of death in a systematic way that makes it easy to compile statistics and more feasible to compare events across jurisdictions.
A study published in Preventing Chronic Disease found that only one-third of New York City resident physicians reported believing that the present system of documentation was accurate. Half reported the inability to record "what they felt to be the correct cause of death", citing reasons such as technical limitation and instruction to "put something else". Nearly four-fifths reported being unaware that determinations of "probable", "presumed", or "undetermined" could be made, and fewer than three percent reported ever updating a death certificate when conflicting lab results or other new information became available, and cardiovascular disease was indicated as "the most frequent diagnosis inaccurately reported".
Causes of death are sometimes disputed by relatives or members of the public, particularly when some degree of uncertainty or ambiguity exists in relation to the cause of death. On occasion, such disputes may result from, or sometimes instigate, a conspiracy theory.
Public perception of the relative risk of death by various causes is biased by personal experience and by media coverage. The phrase "hierarchy of death" is sometimes used to describe the factors that cause some deaths to get more attention than others.
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vignette|Salle d'autopsie (2018). Le médecin légiste est le médecin qui pratique la médecine légale à la morgue. Chez les Romains, il existe une qui s'occupe de la levée du corps sur le domaine public et doit expliquer les causes de sa mort. La première mention du terme de coroner (médecin légiste) date juste après la Conquête normande de l'Angleterre en 1066. Cette pratique en Angleterre est dans l'article 20 d'Articles of Eyre de (en custos placitorum coronas). Ce rôle est dévolu à l'officier judiciaire du Comté agissant au nom de la Couronne.
In many legal jurisdictions, the manner of death is a determination, typically made by the coroner, medical examiner, police, or similar officials, and recorded as a vital statistic. Within the United States and the United Kingdom, a distinction is made between the cause of death, which is a specific disease or injury, versus manner of death, which is primarily a legal determination versus the mechanism of death (also called the mode of death) which does not explain why the person died or the underlying cause of death and can include cardiac arrest or exsanguination.
Un coroner est, dans les pays de culture anglo-saxonne ainsi qu'au Japon, un fonctionnaire indépendant chargé, au nom de la Couronne (d'où le nom), d'enquêter sur les causes et circonstances d'une mort violente, non naturelle ou résultant d'un crime, ou une mort de cause inconnue, ou une mort pendant la garde à vue ou la détention (Coroners and Justice Act 2009), et aussi sur les découvertes de trésors et les débris de naufrages.
Explore l'analyse de mémoire postmortem à l'aide de nouvelles et de données sur les médias sociaux, en étudiant les corrélations biographiques et les modèles de mémoire.
Explore l'analyse de la mémoire post mortem des personnalités publiques dans les nouvelles et les médias sociaux, en découvrant des idées importantes sur la formation de la mémoire.
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