Téléchargement de musique

Résumé

vignette|iTunes Music Store mexicain dans un téléphone mobile Le téléchargement de musique est le transfert d'une œuvre musicale d'un ordinateur à un autre à travers un réseau informatique. Cette expression est par extension utilisée pour désigner les transferts de musique accessibles via Internet vers l'ordinateur d'un particulier. Ce téléchargement peut être effectué de manière légale, ou illégale. Le téléchargement dit « légal », se fait généralement via des plates-formes de téléchargement ou des sites proposant de la musique libre (Jamendo, Magnatune, etc.). Le téléchargement dit « illégal » consiste à télécharger des œuvres soumises au droit d'auteur sans l'accord des ayants droit. Cela se traduit par le fait que ni celui qui met l'œuvre à disposition, ni celui qui la télécharge n'en ont l'autorisation par l'ayant droit. Historique Le téléchargement illégal de musique a commencé en 1999 avec la parution du logiciel Napster. Ce programme est créé par Shawn Fanning al

Source officielle

https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A9l%C3%A9chargement_de_musique

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This paper introduces adaptation-aware editing and progressive update propagation, two novel mechanisms that enable authoring multimedia content and collaborative work on mobile devices. Adaptation-aware editing enables editing content that was adapted to reduce download time to the mobile device. Progressive update propagation reduces the time for propagating content generated at the mobile device by transmitting either a fraction of the modifications or transcoded versions thereof.With application-aware editing and progressive update propagation, an object present at a mobile device is characterized not only by a particular version, as in conventional replication, but also by a particular fidelity. We demonstrate that replication models can be extended to account for fidelity independently of the mechanisms used for concurrency control and consistency maintenance. As a result, the two techniques described in this paper can easily be added to any replication protocol, whether optimistic or pessimistic.We report on our experience implementing adaptation-aware editing and progressive update propagation. Experiments with two multimedia applications, an email reader and a presentation software package, show that both mechanisms can be added with modest programming effort and achieve substantial reductions in upload and download latencies.

2003

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MicroCast: Cooperative Video Streaming on Smartphones

Christina Fragouli, Lorenzo Keller

Video streaming is one of the increasingly popular, as well as de- manding, applications on smartphones today. In this paper, we con- sider a group of smartphone users, within proximity of each other, who are interested in watching the same video from the Internet at the same time. The common practice today is that each user down- loads the video independently using her own cellular connection, which often leads to poor quality. We design, implement, and evaluate a novel system, MicroCast, that uses the resources on all smartphones of the group in a co- operative way so as to improve the streaming experience. Each phone uses simultaneously two network interfaces: the cellular to connect to the video server and the WiFi to connect to the rest of the group. Key ingredients of our design include the follow- ing. First, we propose a scheduling algorithm, MicroDownload, that decides which parts of the video each phone should download from the server, based on the phones’ download rate. Second, we propose a novel all-to-all local dissemination scheme, MicroNC- P2, for sharing content among group members, which outperforms state-of-the-art peer-to-peer schemes in our setting. MicroNC-P2 is designed to exploit WiFi overhearing and network coding, based on a local packet broadcast framework, MicroBroadcast, which we developed specifically for Android phones. We evaluate MicroCast on a testbed consisting of seven Android phones, and we show that it brings significant performance benefits without battery penalty.

2012

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MicroCast: Cooperative Video Streaming Using Cellular and Local Connections

Christina Fragouli, Lorenzo Keller

We consider a group of mobile users, within proximity of each other, who are interested in watching the same online video. The common practice today is that each user downloads the video independently on her mobile device using her own cellular connection, which wastes access bandwidth and may also lead to poor video quality. We propose a novel cooperative system where each mobile device uses simultaneously two network interfaces: (i) cellular to connect to the video server and download parts of the video and (ii) WiFi to connect locally to all other devices in the group to exchange those parts. Devices cooperate to efficiently utilize all network resources and to adapt to varying wireless network conditions. In the local WiFi network, we exploit overhearing, which we further combine with network coding. The end result is savings in cellular bandwidth and improved user experience. We follow a complete approach, from theory to practice. First, we formulate the problem using a network utility maximization (NUM) framework, decompose the problem, and provide a distributed solution. Then, based on the structure of the NUM solution, we design a system called MicroCast, and we implement a prototype as an Android application. We provide both simulation results of the NUM solution and experimental evaluation. We demonstrate that the proposed approach brings significant performance benefits (namely, faster download on the order of the group size) without battery penalty.

Ieee-Inst Electrical Electronics Engineers Inc2016

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