Korean nationalism

Korean nationalism can be viewed in two different contexts. One encompasses various movements throughout history to maintain a Korean cultural identity, history, and ethnicity (or "race"). This ethnic nationalism was mainly forged in opposition to foreign incursion and rule. The second context encompasses how Korean nationalism changed after the partition in 1945. Today, the former tends to predominate. The term "pure blood" refers to the belief that Korean people are a pure race descended from a single ancestor. Invoked during the period of resistance to colonial rule, the idea gave Koreans a sense of ethnic homogeneity and national pride, and a potential catalyst for racial discrimination and prejudice. The dominant strand of nationalism in South Korea, tends to be romantic in nature (specifically ethnic or "racial"), rather than civic. This form of romantic nationalism often competes with and weakens the more formal and structured civic national identity. South Koreans' lack of state-derived nationalism (i.e. patriotism) manifests itself in various ways. For example, there is no national holiday solely commemorating the state itself and many South Koreans do not know the exact date their country was founded (i.e. 15 August 1948). Romantic ethnic nationalism in North Korea has strong salience as well, though unlike in South Korea, civic nationalism and ethnic nationalism do not compete but rather co-exist and reinforce each other. This can be attributed to the state-sponsored ideology of Juche, which utilizes ethnic identity to enhance state power and control. In South Korea, Korean nationalism is largely divided into two categories: "ethnic nationalism", which has no significant connection with political movements and is somewhat racist, and non-racist/anti-imperialist "liberal nationalism", which forms a political center-left camp and is modernized and refined. Historically, the central objectives of Korea's nationalist movement were the advancement and protection of Korea's ancient culture and national identity from foreign influence, and the fostering of the independence movement during Japanese rule.

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Concepts associés (23)

Korean nationalism

Aegukga

thumb|"Aegukga" chanté dans les années 1940. thumb|L'hymne sud-coréen interprété lors d'une visite d'État en 2011 aux États-Unis. Aegukga (애국가 en hangeul ou 愛國歌 en hanja) est l'hymne national de la Corée du Sud. Le titre signifie littéralement « Chanson de l'amour pour le pays ». Les paroles ont été écrites vers la fin du par Yun Chi-ho, un politicien, ou par An Chang-ho, un leader indépendantiste. Au début, Aegukga a été chantée sur l'air populaire écossais Auld Lang Syne.

Jiandao

Jiandao or Chientao, known in Korean as Gando or Kando, is a historical border region along the north bank of the Tumen River in Jilin Province, Northeast China that has a high population of ethnic Koreans. The word "Jiandao" itself, literally "Middle Island", was initially referred to a shoal in Tumen River between today's Chuankou Village, Kaishantun in Longjing, Jilin, China and Chongsŏng, Onsong County in North Korea. The island was an important landmark for immigrants from the Korean Peninsula looking for settlements across the river.