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L'imagination (du latin imaginatio, « image, vision ») est la faculté de produire et de simuler des objets, des sensations et des idées nouvelles dans l'esprit sans l'apport immédiat des sens. Elle désigne aussi la « capacité d'élaborer des images et des conceptions nouvelles, de trouver des solutions originales à des problèmes », la créativité dans les arts ou les sciences (avoir de l'imagination). Forme des objets qui affectent nos sens L'imagination est proche de la sensibilité, dans la mesure où les données sensibles la conditionnent. Il ne semble pas pouvoir y avoir d'imagination sans une expérience sensible antérieure. L'imagination créatrice L'imagination créatrice, analysée par Théodule Ribot dans son Essai sur l'imagination créatrice (1900) qui est l'essence de la créativité et de l'inventivité. L'imagination selon René Descartes Pour Descartes, il existe trois facultés de la conscience :

La Volonté (infinie) : pouvoir d’affirmer, de ni

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Music influences vividness and content of imagined journeys in a directed visual imagery task

Gabriele Cecchetti, Ken Jacques Alfonso Deguernel, Steffen Alexander Herff

Directed, intentional imagination is pivotal for self-regulation in the form of escapism and therapies for a wide variety of mental health conditions, such anxiety and stress disorders, as well as phobias. Clinical application in particular benefits from increasing our understanding of imagination, as well as non-invasive means of influencing it. To investigate imagination, this study draws from the prior observation that music can influence the imagined content during non-directed mind-wandering, as well as the finding that relative orientation within time and space is retained in imagination. One hundred participants performed a directed imagination task that required watching a video of a figure travelling towards a barely visible landmark, and then closing their eyes and imagining a continuation of the journey. During each imagined journey, participants either listened to music or silence. After the imagined journeys, participants reported vividness, the imagined time passed and distance travelled, as well as the imagined content. Bayesian mixed effects models reveal strong evidence that vividness, sentiment, as well imagined time passed and distances travelled, are influenced by the music, and show that aspects of these effects can be modelled through features such as tempo. The results highlight music's potential to support therapies such as Exposure Therapy and Imagery Rescripting, which deploy directed imagination as a clinical tool.

NATURE PORTFOLIO2021

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Building the Arrow of Time ... Over Time: A Sequence of Brain Activity Mapping Imagined Events in Time and Space

Baptiste Gauthier

When moving, the spatiotemporal unfolding of events is bound to our physical trajectory, and time and space become entangled in episodic memory. When imagining past or future events, or being in different geographical locations, the temporal and spatial dimensions of mental events can be independently accessed and manipulated. Using time-resolved neuroimaging, we characterized brain activity while participants ordered historical events from different mental perspectives in time (e.g., when imagining being 9 years in the future) or in space (e.g., when imagining being in Cayenne). We describe 2 neural signatures of temporal ordinality: an early brain response distinguishing whether participants were mentally in the past, the present or the future (self-projection in time), and a graded activity at event retrieval, indexing the mental distance between the representation of the self in time and the event. Neural signatures of ordinality and symbolic distances in time were distinct from those observed in the homologous spatial task: activity indicating spatial order and distances overlapped in latency in distinct brain regions. We interpret our findings as evidence that the conscious representation of time and space share algorithms (egocentric mapping, distance, and ordinality computations) but different implementations with a distinctive status for the psychological "time arrow."

OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC2019

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Subjective mental time: the functional architecture of projecting the self to past and future

Olaf Blanke, Silvio Ionta

Human experience takes place in the line of mental time (MT) created through 'self-projection' of oneself to different time-points in the past or future. Here we manipulated self-projection in MT not only with respect to one's life events but also with respect to one's faces from different past and future time-points. Behavioural and event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging activity showed three independent effects characterized by (i) similarity between past recollection and future imagination, (ii) facilitation of judgements related to the future as compared with the past, and (iii) facilitation of judgements related to time-points distant from the present. These effects were found with respect to faces and events, and also suggest that brain mechanisms of MT are independent of whether actual life episodes have to be re-experienced or pre-experienced, recruiting a common cerebral network including the anteromedial temporal, posterior parietal, inferior frontal, temporo-parietal and insular cortices. These behavioural and neural data suggest that self-projection in time is a fundamental aspect of MT, relying on neural structures encoding memory, mental imagery and self.

Wiley-Blackwell2009

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AR-101: Studio BA1

La première année d'architecture vise à l'acquisition des outils essentiels au project et à une compréhension de l'architecture comme savoir-faire, pensée, et attitude qui interroge l'inscription des êtres vivants dans leur environnement sous l'angle de la conception de l'espace.

AR-401(m): Studio MA1 (Gay and Menzel)

The studio is focused on contextual imaginary. Developing narratives, inspired both from the site and from the student's imagination leads to a theme sustaining the project. The narrative helps the student to intervene in the complexity of a given context.

ME-403: Applied mechanical design

Students will be exposed to hands-on design problems throughout the term. They will acquire methodologies to (1) address open ended engineering problems, (2) cultivate creativity, (3) support decision making and (4) develop problem solving abilities.

Esprit

thumb|right|200px|Représentation des facultés de l'esprit humain (de Robertus de Fluctibus, 1619) L'esprit est la totalité des phénomènes et des facultés mentales : perception, affectivité, intuiti

Science-fiction

thumb|Amazing Stories, premier magazine de science-fiction américain. La science-fiction est un genre narratif, principalement littéraire (littérature et bande dessinée), cinématographique et vidéo-l

Human

Humans, or modern humans (Homo sapiens), are the most common and widespread species of primate. A great ape characterized by their hairlessness, bipedalism, and high intelligence, humans have a large