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Concept
Gurungs
Résumé
Gurung (exonym; गुरुङ) or Tamu (endonym; Gurung: ཏམུ) are an ethnic group indigenous to the hills and mountains of Gandaki Province of Nepal. Gurung people predominantly live around the Annapurna region in Manang, Mustang, Dolpo, Kaski, Lamjung, Gorkha, Parbat and Syangja districts of Nepal and parts of India. They are one of the main Gurkha tribes.
They are also scattered across India in Sikkim, Assam, Delhi, West Bengal (Darjeeling area) and other regions with a predominant Nepali diaspora population. They speak the Sino-Tibetan Gurung language and practice Bon religion alongside Tibetan Buddhism and Hinduism. As a result of foreign and Korean Christian missionary activities, some Gurung people have also converted to Christianity.
The Tibetan societies from which the Gurungs came had no caste system and within themselves. Yet for several centuries the Gurungs and other hill peoples have been mixing with the caste cultures of Indo-Aryan and they have been influenced by them in various ways. As a result, Gurung caste system has been fragmented into two parts: the four-caste (Plighi/ Char-jat) and sixteen-caste (Kuhgi/ Sora-jat) systems. Within there are more than thirty named clans.
At the time of the 2011 Nepal census, 798,658 people (2.97% of the population of Nepal) identified as Gurung. The frequency of Gurung people by province was a follows:
Gandaki Province (11.4%)
Bagmati Province (2.2%)
Koshi Province (1.4%)
Lumbini Province (0.9%)
Karnali Province (0.7%)
Sudurpashchim Province (0.2%)
Madhesh Province (0.2%)
The frequency of Gurung people was higher than national average in the following districts:
Manang (57.1%)
Lamjung (31.4%)
Mustang (20.1%)
Gorkha (19.8%)
Kaski (16.7%)
Tanahun (11.6%)
Syangja (9.0%)
Dolpa (7.1%)
Chitwan (6.8%)
Dhading (5.6%)
Sankhuwasabha (5.4%)
Taplejung (4.6%)
Parbat (3.7%)
Rasuwa (3.1%)
Tehrathum (2.9%)
Ilam (2.9%)
Nawalpur (2.9%)
Kathmandu (2.6%)
Rupandehi (2.0%).
The Gurung Dharma include Bon Lam (Lama), Ghyabri (Ghyabring) and Pachyu (Paju).
Source officielle
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