Économie du savoirL'économie du savoir, l'économie de la connaissance, l'économie de l'immatériel ou encore le capitalisme cognitif, est, selon certains économistes, une nouvelle phase de l'histoire économique qui aurait commencé dans les années 1990. Le concept est établi par Fritz Machlup en 1962 par la publication de son livre The production and distribution of knowledge in the United States ; sa thèse de 1977 montre que près de 45 % des employés aux États-Unis manipulent de l'information.
ConnaissanceLa connaissance est une notion aux sens multiples, à la fois utilisée dans le langage courant et objet d'étude poussée de la part des sciences cognitives et des philosophes contemporains. Les connaissances, leur nature et leur variété, la façon dont elles sont acquises, leur processus d'acquisition, leur valeur et leur rôle dans les sociétés humaines, sont étudiés par une diversité de disciplines, notamment la philosophie, l'épistémologie, la psychologie, les sciences cognitives, l'anthropologie et la sociologie.
Declarative knowledgeDeclarative knowledge is an awareness of facts that can be expressed using declarative sentences, like knowing that Princess Diana died in 1997. It is also called theoretical knowledge, descriptive knowledge, propositional knowledge, and knowledge-that. It is not restricted to one specific use or purpose and can be stored in books or on computers. Epistemology is the main discipline studying declarative knowledge. Among other things, it studies the essential components of declarative knowledge.
Procedural knowledgeProcedural knowledge (also known as knowing-how, and sometimes referred to as practical knowledge, imperative knowledge, or performative knowledge) is the knowledge exercised in the performance of some task. Unlike descriptive knowledge (also known as declarative knowledge, propositional knowledge or "knowing-that"), which involves knowledge of specific facts or propositions (e.g. "I know that snow is white"), procedural knowledge involves one's ability to do something (e.g. "I know how to change a flat tire").
Knowledge sharingKnowledge sharing is an activity through which knowledge (namely, information, skills, or expertise) is exchanged among people, friends, peers, families, communities (for example, Wikipedia), or within or between organizations. It bridges the individual and organizational knowledge, improving the absorptive and innovation capacity and thus leading to sustained competitive advantage of companies as well as individuals. Knowledge sharing is part of the knowledge management process.