Fourier analysisIn mathematics, Fourier analysis (ˈfʊrieɪ,_-iər) is the study of the way general functions may be represented or approximated by sums of simpler trigonometric functions. Fourier analysis grew from the study of Fourier series, and is named after Joseph Fourier, who showed that representing a function as a sum of trigonometric functions greatly simplifies the study of heat transfer. The subject of Fourier analysis encompasses a vast spectrum of mathematics.
Discrete-time Fourier transformIn mathematics, the discrete-time Fourier transform (DTFT), also called the finite Fourier transform, is a form of Fourier analysis that is applicable to a sequence of values. The DTFT is often used to analyze samples of a continuous function. The term discrete-time refers to the fact that the transform operates on discrete data, often samples whose interval has units of time. From uniformly spaced samples it produces a function of frequency that is a periodic summation of the continuous Fourier transform of the original continuous function.
Video cameraA video camera is an optical instrument that captures videos (as opposed to a movie camera, which records images on film). Video cameras were initially developed for the television industry but have since become widely used for a variety of other purposes. Video cameras are used primarily in two modes. The first, characteristic of much early broadcasting, is live television, where the camera feeds real time images directly to a screen for immediate observation.
Principe de Huygens-FresnelLe principe de Huygens-Fresnel est une théorie ondulatoire (Fresnel disait vibratoire) de la lumière exposée par Augustin Fresnel dans son Mémoire sur la diffraction de la lumière soumis à l'Académie des Sciences de Paris en 1818. Dans ce mémoire, Fresnel a exploité les concepts exposés en 1690 par Christian Huygens dans son Traité de la lumière (chaque point du front d'onde est source d'ondelettes sphériques secondaires) et les a complétés avec le principe des interférences pour expliquer les phénomènes de propagation, diffraction et d'interférences lumineuses.
Photographie numériqueLa photographie numérique recouvre l'ensemble des techniques permettant l'obtention d'une photographie via l'utilisation d'un capteur électronique comme surface photosensible, ainsi que les techniques de traitement et de diffusion qui en découlent. On l'oppose à la photographie argentique. Appareil photographique numérique Les systèmes optiques (objectif, viseur optique, chambre reflex), de ces appareils sont voisins des solutions argentiques.
Bruit de mesureEn métrologie, le bruit de mesure est l'ensemble des signaux parasites qui se superposent au signal que l'on cherche à obtenir au moyen d'une mesure d'un phénomène physique. Ces signaux sont une gêne pour la compréhension de l'information que le signal transporte. La métrologie vise donc notamment à connaître leurs origines et à les caractériser, afin de les éliminer et d'obtenir le signal d'origine aussi distinctement que possible. La source du bruit d'origine externe est externe au système physique générant le signal utile et agit par influence sur celui-ci.
Ellipsoïde de FresnelL’ellipsoïde de Fresnel est un volume dans l'espace permettant d'évaluer l'atténuation apportée par un obstacle (immeuble, colline...) à la propagation d'une onde mécanique ou électromagnétique. Il est généralement utilisé dans le cas de liaisons VHF, UHF ou hyperfréquences, qui seraient en espace libre sans la présence du ou des obstacles. La méthode de l'ellipsoïde de Fresnel permet alors d'évaluer l'atténuation supplémentaire apportée par l'obstacle.
Professional video cameraA professional video camera (often called a television camera even though its use has spread beyond television) is a high-end device for creating electronic moving images (as opposed to a movie camera, that earlier recorded the images on film). Originally developed for use in television studios or with outside broadcast trucks, they are now also used for music videos, direct-to-video movies (see digital movie camera), corporate and educational videos, wedding videos, among other uses.
Digital cinematographyDigital cinematography is the process of capturing (recording) a motion picture using s rather than through film stock. As digital technology has improved in recent years, this practice has become dominant. Since the mid-2010s, most movies across the world are captured as well as distributed digitally. Many vendors have brought products to market, including traditional film camera vendors like Arri and Panavision, as well as new vendors like Red, Blackmagic, Silicon Imaging, Vision Research and companies which have traditionally focused on consumer and broadcast video equipment, like Sony, GoPro, and Panasonic.
Digital imagingDigital imaging or digital image acquisition is the creation of a digital representation of the visual characteristics of an object, such as a physical scene or the interior structure of an object. The term is often assumed to imply or include the , , , printing and display of such images. A key advantage of a , versus an analog image such as a film photograph, is the ability to digitally propagate copies of the original subject indefinitely without any loss of image quality.
