Animal testing on rodentsRodents are commonly used in animal testing, particularly mice and rats, but also guinea pigs, hamsters, gerbils and others. Mice are the most commonly used vertebrate species, due to their availability, size, low cost, ease of handling, and fast reproduction rate. TOC In the UK in 2015, there were 3.33 million procedures on rodents (80% of total procedures that year). The most common species used were mice (3.03 million procedures, or 73% of total) and rats (268,522, or 6.5%).
AgranulocyteIn immunology, agranulocytes (also known as nongranulocytes or mononuclear leukocytes) are one of the two types of leukocytes (white blood cells), the other type being granulocytes. Agranular cells are noted by the absence of granules in their cytoplasm, which distinguishes them from granulocytes. Leukocytes are the first level of protection against disease. The two types of agranulocytes in the blood circulation are lymphocytes and monocytes. These make up about 35% of the hematologic blood values.
Alun de potassiumL'alun ordinaire (du latin "alumen"), alun de potassium ou encore disulfate d'aluminium et de potassium, est un sel double de formule chimique KAl(SO4)2•12 H2O. C'est un minéral présent naturellement dans diverses régions du monde, telles la Syrie et le Maroc. Il peut également être synthétisé. Au , le philosophe Théophraste, élève d’Aristote, a écrit un ouvrage intitulé Sur le Sel, le Nitre et l’Alun. Strabon rapporte quelques propriétés de l’alun. De même au , le pharmacologue Dioscoride (M.M.
Prostacyclin receptorThe Prostacyclin receptor, also termed the prostaglandin I2 receptor or just IP, is a receptor belonging to the prostaglandin (PG) group of receptors. IP binds to and mediates the biological actions of prostacyclin (also termed Prostaglandin I2, PGI2, or when used as a drug, epoprostenol). IP is encoded in humans by the PTGIR gene. While possessing many functions as defined in animal model studies, the major clinical relevancy of IP is as a powerful vasodilator: stimulators of IP are used to treat severe and even life-threatening diseases involving pathological vasoconstriction.
MicroinjectionMicroinjection is the use of a glass micropipette to inject a liquid substance at a microscopic or borderline macroscopic level. The target is often a living cell but may also include intercellular space. Microinjection is a simple mechanical process usually involving an inverted microscope with a magnification power of around 200x (though sometimes it is performed using a dissecting stereo microscope at 40–50x or a traditional compound upright microscope at similar power to an inverted model).
Œsophagite à éosinophilesL'œsophagite à éosinophiles est une maladie chronique digestive. Elle touche aussi bien les enfants que les adultes. Cette maladie est une infiltration massive et anormale de leucocytes éosinophiles et isolée de l'œsophage et du tube digestif haut, avec inflammation de l'œsophage. Contrairement aux autres organes du tube digestif, l'œsophage sain ne doit pas contenir de polynucléaires éosinophiles, donc cette présence est pathologique. Cette maladie est considérée comme une forme d'allergie alimentaire.
