Overcoming barriers to membrane protein structure determination
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Structural information on membrane proteins is sparse, yet they represent an important class of proteins that is encoded by about 30% of all genes. Progress has primarily been achieved with bacterial proteins, but efforts to solve the structure of eukaryot ...
High signal-to-noise Fourier transform IR (FTIR) spectra of the 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor (5-HT3R) and the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) were obtained by microscope FTIR spectroscopy using micrometer-sized, fully hydrated protein ...
Electron crystallography and atomic force microscopy allow the study of two-dimensional membrane protein crystals. While electron crystallography provides atomic scale three-dimensional density maps, atomic force microscopy gives insight into the surface s ...
The nucleotide sequence of a 4.8-kilobase SacII-PstI fragment encoding the anaerobic glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase operon of Escherichia coli has been determined. The operon consists of three open reading frames, glpABC, encoding polypeptides of molec ...
The atomic force microscope acquires topographs of single native membrane proteins at subnanometer resolution. Owing to the high signal-to-noise ratio, such images allow the conformational space of membrane protein surfaces to be sampled. This is demonstra ...
Arterial structure plays an important role in drug delivery from intraarterial depots. The internal elastic lamina forms a major diffusive resistance to the transport of macromol. drugs from intimally-adherent hydrogel depots to the arterial media. The obj ...
The conformations of melittin, porin, and lactose permease reconstituted in liposomal membranes were investigated by Raman spectroscopy, and the folding of membrane domains was predicted. These data resulted in consistent models for the insertion of the pr ...
Many central biol. signal transduction processes such as synaptic transmission occur at the level of cell membranes. It is therefore not surprising that the biol. function of membrane proteins in general and neuroreceptors in particular can be modulated by ...
The secondary structure of bacterio-opsin (BO), the retinal free protein-component of bacteriorhodopsin (BR), was detd. by Raman spectroscopy. Addnl. CD measurements revealed only negligible conformational differences between BO in apomembranes and BR in p ...
Chloroethenes, and most particularly tetra- (PCE) and trichloroethene (TCE) are major groundwater pollutants due to their extensive industrial use as solvents since the 1920s. The strong electronegativity of the chlorines renders them very stable under aer ...
