Aging brainAging of the brain is a process of transformation of the brain in older age, including changes all individuals experience and those of illness (including unrecognised illness). Usually this refers to humans. Since life extension is only pertinent if accompanied by health span extension, and, more importantly, by preserving brain health and cognition, finding rejuvenating approaches that act simultaneously in peripheral tissues and in brain function is a key strategy for development of rejuvenating technology.
Gene expression profilingIn the field of molecular biology, gene expression profiling is the measurement of the activity (the expression) of thousands of genes at once, to create a global picture of cellular function. These profiles can, for example, distinguish between cells that are actively dividing, or show how the cells react to a particular treatment. Many experiments of this sort measure an entire genome simultaneously, that is, every gene present in a particular cell. Several transcriptomics technologies can be used to generate the necessary data to analyse.
Intelligence animalethumb|right|300px|Une comparaison du cerveau de différents mammifères. « Intelligence animale » est une expression renvoyant aux capacités cognitives des animaux et à leur étude. Le sujet a donné lieu à de nombreux travaux dont les résultats offrent non seulement une meilleure compréhension du monde animal mais aussi, par extension, des pistes pour l’étude de l'intelligence humaine. Différents groupes d'espèces se démarquent par leurs aptitudes intellectuelles lors des recherches sur l'éthologie cognitive.
Lateral prefrontal cortexIn human brain anatomy, the lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) is part of the prefrontal cortex (PFC). According to Striedter the PFC of humans can be delineated into two functionally, morphologically, and evolutionarily different regions: the ventromedial PFC (vmPFC) present in all mammals and the LPFC present only in primates. The LPFC contains the Brodmann areas BA8, BA9, BA10, BA45, BA46, and BA47. Some researchers also include BA44.
Thérapie rationnelle-émotiveLa thérapie rationnelle-émotive (abrégée parfois PCER, TCER, TREC, TER, en français; ou RT, RET puis TREC en anglais) est une pratique psychothérapeutique empirique et directive, à fondements philosophiques, qui vise à soulager les individus souffrant de difficultés psychologiques (émotion et comportement). C'est une des principales formes de psychothérapie cognitivo-comportementale. Elle a été développée par Albert Ellis à partir de 1956 sous le nom de . En 1959 cette méthode prit le nom de et en 1992 celui de (TREC ).
Executive dysfunctionIn psychology and neuroscience, executive dysfunction, or executive function deficit, is a disruption to the efficacy of the executive functions, which is a group of cognitive processes that regulate, control, and manage other cognitive processes. Executive dysfunction can refer to both neurocognitive deficits and behavioural symptoms. It is implicated in numerous psychopathologies and mental disorders, as well as short-term and long-term changes in non-clinical executive control.
Souffrance psychologiquevignette|Une œuvre de Van Gogh sur la souffrance psychologique. Une souffrance psychologique, parfois appelée psychalgie, désigne une souffrance psychologique, spirituelle qui est différente d'une souffrance ou douleur d'origine purement physiologique. La souffrance émotionnelle est une souffrance psychologique, mais elle est plus liée aux émotions.
InbreedingInbreeding is the production of offspring from the mating or breeding of individuals or organisms that are closely related genetically. By analogy, the term is used in human reproduction, but more commonly refers to the genetic disorders and other consequences that may arise from expression of deleterious recessive traits resulting from incestuous sexual relationships and consanguinity. Animals avoid incest only rarely. Inbreeding results in homozygosity, which can increase the chances of offspring being affected by recessive traits.
