Alternative fuelAlternative fuels, also known as non-conventional and advanced fuels, are fuels derived from sources other than petroleum. Alternative fuels include gaseous fossil fuels like propane, natural gas, methane, and ammonia; biofuels like biodiesel, bioalcohol, and refuse-derived fuel; and other renewable fuels like hydrogen and electricity. These fuels serve are intended to substitute for more carbon intensive energy sources like gasoline and diesel in transportation and can help to contribute to decarbonization and reductions in pollution.
Débit binaireLe débit binaire est une mesure de la quantité de données numériques transmises par unité de temps. Selon ses définitions normatives, il s'exprime en bits par seconde (bit/s, b/s ou bps) ou un de ses multiples en employant les préfixes du Système international (SI) : kb/s (kilobits par seconde), Mb/s (mégabits par seconde) et ainsi de suite. Dans le domaine de l'informatique, le débit est parfois exprimé en octets par seconde. Un octet équivaut à 8 bits, nombre de bits correspondant aux premières et aux plus simples des machines, et permettant de transmettre un caractère alphanumérique.
Transmission mediumA transmission medium is a system or substance that can mediate the propagation of signals for the purposes of telecommunication. Signals are typically imposed on a wave of some kind suitable for the chosen medium. For example, data can modulate sound, and a transmission medium for sounds may be air, but solids and liquids may also act as the transmission medium. Vacuum or air constitutes a good transmission medium for electromagnetic waves such as light and radio waves.
Proof (truth)A proof is sufficient evidence or a sufficient argument for the truth of a proposition. The concept applies in a variety of disciplines, with both the nature of the evidence or justification and the criteria for sufficiency being area-dependent. In the area of oral and written communication such as conversation, dialog, rhetoric, etc., a proof is a persuasive perlocutionary speech act, which demonstrates the truth of a proposition.
Bluetooth à basse consommationBluetooth à basse consommation ou Bluetooth à basse énergie ( — BLE ou BTLE), anciennement connu sous le nom de Wibree, puis devenu la marque déposée Bluetooth Smart. C'est une technique de transmission sans fil créée par Nokia en 2006 sous la forme d’un standard ouvert basé sur le Bluetooth, qu'il complète mais sans le remplacer. Il est intégré aux normes Bluetooth depuis la version v4.0 publiée en juin 2010 par le Bluetooth SIG. Comparé au Bluetooth, le BLE permet un débit du même ordre de grandeur () pour une consommation d'énergie moindre.
Waste-to-energyWaste-to-energy (WtE) or energy-from-waste (EfW) is the process of generating energy in the form of electricity and/or heat from the primary treatment of waste, or the processing of waste into a fuel source. WtE is a form of energy recovery. Most WtE processes generate electricity and/or heat directly through combustion, or produce a combustible fuel commodity, such as methane, methanol, ethanol or synthetic fuels. The first incinerator or "Destructor" was built in Nottingham, UK, in 1874 by Manlove, Alliott & Co.
Canal de communication (théorie de l'information)vignette En théorie de l'information, un canal de communication ou canal de transmission est un support (physique ou non) permettant la transmission d'une certaine quantité d'information, depuis une source (ou émetteur) vers un destinataire (ou récepteur). Souvent, le canal altère l'information transmise, par exemple en ajoutant un bruit aléatoire. La quantité d'information qu'un canal de communication peut transporter est limitée : on parle de capacité du canal.
Alternative fuel vehicleAn alternative fuel vehicle is a motor vehicle that runs on alternative fuel rather than traditional petroleum fuels (petrol or petrodiesel). The term also refers to any technology (e.g. electric cars, hybrid electric vehicles, solar-powered vehicles) powering an engine that does not solely involve petroleum. Because of a combination of factors, such as environmental concerns, high oil-prices and the potential for peak oil, development of cleaner alternative fuels and advanced power systems for vehicles has become a high priority for many governments and vehicle manufacturers around the world.
Proof of spaceProof of space (PoS) is a type of consensus algorithm achieved by demonstrating one's legitimate interest in a service (such as sending an email) by allocating a non-trivial amount of memory or disk space to solve a challenge presented by the service provider. The concept was formulated in 2013 by Dziembowski et al. and (with a different formulation) by Ateniese et al.. Proofs of space are very similar to proofs of work (PoW), except that instead of computation, storage is used to earn cryptocurrency.
Transmission systemSee Transmission (mechanics) for a car's transmission system In telecommunications, a transmission system is a system that transmits a signal from one place to another. The signal can be an electrical, optical or radio signal. The goal of a transmission system is to transmit data accurately and efficiently from point A to point B over a distance, using a variety of technologies such as copper cable and fiber optic cables, satellite links, and wireless communication technologies.
