Speed-Aware Routing for UAV Ad-Hoc Networks

In this paper we examine mobile ad-hoc networks (MANET) composed by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Due to the high-mobility of the nodes, these networks are very dynamic and the existing routing protocols partly fail to provide a reliable communication.We present Predictive-OLSR an extension to the Optimized Link-State Routing (OLSR) protocol: it enables efficient routing in very dynamic conditions. The key idea is to exploit GPS information to aid the routing protocol. Predictive-OLSR weights the expected transmission count (ETX) metric, taking into account the relative speed between the nodes. We provide numerical results obtained by a MAC-layer emulator that integrates a flight simulator to reproduce realistic flight conditions. These numerical results show that Predictive-OLSR significantly outperforms OLSR and BABEL, providing a reliable communication even in very dynamic conditions.

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Karol Jacek Kruzelecki, Bixio Rimoldi, Stefano Rosati, Louis François Traynard
2013
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https://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/189798?ln=fr

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Dynamic Routing for Flying Ad Hoc Networks

Dario Floreano, Grégoire Hilaire Marie Heitz, Karol Jacek Kruzelecki, Bixio Rimoldi, Stefano Rosati

This paper reports experimental results on self-organizing wireless networks carried by small flying robots. Flying ad hoc networks (FANETs) composed of small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are flexible, inexpensive and fast to deploy. This makes them a very attractive technology for many civilian and military applications. Due to the high mobility of the nodes, maintaining a communication link between the UAVs is a challenging task. The topology of these networks is more dynamic than that of typical mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) and of typical vehicle ad hoc networks (VANETs). As a consequence, the existing routing protocols designed for MANETs partly fail in tracking network topology changes. In this work, we compare two different routing algorithms for ad hoc networks: optimized link-state routing (OLSR), and predictive-OLSR (P-OLSR). The latter is an OLSR extension that we designed for FANETs; it takes advantage of the GPS information available on board. To the best of our knowledge, P-OLSR is currently the only FANET-specific routing technique that has an available Linux implementation. We present results obtained by both Media Access Control (MAC) layer emulations and real-world experiments. In the experiments, we used a testbed composed of two autonomous fixed-wing UAVs and a node on the ground. Our experiments evaluate the link performance and the communication range, as well as the routing performance. Our emulation and experimental results show that P-OLSR significantly outperforms OLSR in routing in the presence of frequent network topology changes.

Ieee-Inst Electrical Electronics Engineers Inc2016

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We designed the terminode routing protoc ol with the objective to scale in large mobile ad hoc networks where the topology, or node distribution, is irregular. Our routing protocol is a combination of two protocols: Terminode Local Routing (TLR - to reach a close destination) and Terminode Remot e Routing (TRR - to send data to remote destinations). TRR is the key element to achieve scalability and reduce dependence on intermediate systems. Termin-ode routing uses anchored paths, a list of geographic points - that are not affected by nodes mobili ty -, rather than conventional paths of nodes. Terminode routing is completed by a low-overhead distributed method for discovering of anchored paths, and by a method for handling the inaccuracy of the location information. The presented simu-lation result s confirm that terminode routing performs well in different sized networks. In smaller ad hoc networks performance of terminode routing is comparable to MANET routing protocols. In larger networks, where MANET-like routing protocols break, terminode routing performs well; moreover, in larger networks that are not uniformly populated with nodes, terminode routing outperforms the existing location-based routing protocols.

2002

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Performance Analysis of the CONFIDANT Protocol: Cooperation Of Nodes - Fairness In Dynamic Ad-hoc NeTworks

Sonja Buchegger, Jean-Yves Le Boudec

Mobile ad-hoc networking works properly only if the participating nodes cooperate in routing and forwarding. However, it may be advantageous for individual nodes not to cooperate. We propose a protocol, called CONFIDANT, for making misbehavior unattractive; it is based on selective altruism and utilitarianism. It aims at detecting and isolating misbehaving nodes, thus making it unattractive to deny cooperation. Trust relationships and routing decisions are based on experienced, observed, or reported routing and forwarding behavior of other nodes. The detailed implementation of CONFIDANT in this paper assumes that the network layer is based on the Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) protocol. We present a performance analysis of DSR fortified by CONFIDANT and compare it to regular defenseless DSR. It shows that a network with CONFIDANT and up to 60% of misbehaving nodes behaves almost as well as a benign network, in sharp contrast to a defenseless network. All simulations have been implemented and performed in GloMoSim.

2002

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Drone

vignette|Un Parrot AR.Drone devant un Dassault Rafale. vignette|Un drone de reconnaissance EADS Harfang lors du Salon du Bourget de 2007. vignette|Drone civil OnyxStar Fox-C8 XT en vol. vignette|Dron

Wireless ad hoc network

A wireless ad hoc network (WANET) or mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a decentralized type of wireless network. The network is ad hoc because it does not rely on a pre-existing infrastructure, such

Link-state routing protocol

Link-state routing protocols are one of the two main classes of routing protocols used in packet switching networks for computer communications, the others being distance-vector routing protocols. Exa