A Simple 3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene Based Hole-Transporting Material for Perovskite Solar Cells

Kunwu Fu, Michael Graetzel, Ulf Anders Hagfeldt
Wiley-Blackwell, 2014
Article

We report a novel electron-rich molecule based on 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (H101). When used as the hole-transporting layer in a perovskite-based solar cell, the power-conversion efficiency reached 13.8% under AM 1.5G solar simulation. This result is comparable with that obtained using the well-known hole transporting material 2,2,7,7-tetrakis(N,N-di-p-methoxyphenylamine)-9,9-spirobifluorene (spiro-OMeTAD). This is the first heterocycle-containing material achieving >10% efficiency in such devices, and has great potential to replace the expensive spiro-OMeTAD given its much simpler and cheaper synthesis.

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Kunwu Fu, Michael Graetzel, Ulf Anders Hagfeldt
Wiley-Blackwell, 2014
Article

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https://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/199904?ln=fr

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Hole-Transporting Small Molecules Based on Thiophene Cores for High Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells

Kunwu Fu, Michael Graetzel, Ulf Anders Hagfeldt

Two new electron-rich molecules, 2,3,4,5-tetra[4,4'-bis(methoxyphenyl)aminophen-4 ''-yl]-thiophene (H111) and 4,4',5,5'-tetra[4,4'-bis(methoxyphenyl) aminophen-4 ''-yl]-2,2'-bithiophene (H112), which contain thiophene cores with arylamine side groups, are reported. When used as the hole-transporting material (HTM) in perovskite-based solar cell devices, power conversion efficiencies of up to 15.4% under AM 1.5G solar simulation were obtained. This is the highest efficiency achieved with HTMs not composed of 2,2',7,7'-tetrakis(N,N'-di-p-methoxyphenylamine)-9,9'-spirobifluorene (spiro-OMeTAD) and its isomers. Both HTMs, especially H111, have great potential to replace expensive spiro-OMeTAD given their much simpler and less expensive syntheses.

Wiley-V C H Verlag Gmbh2014

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Low-temperature carbon-based electrodes in perovskite solar cells

Dmitry Bogachuk, Ulf Anders Hagfeldt, Konrad Wojciechowski, Bowen Yang

Carbon-based electrodes have been widely applied in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) because of their chemical inertness and compatibility with up-scalable techniques, signifying their solid potential for mass-production. The material scarcity and complexity of metal ore extraction further highlights that conventionally used noble metal electrodes cannot represent a sustainable option for back-contact in PSCs, while cells with carbon-based electrodes represent an excellent solution to these problems. However, their power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) still lag behind the traditionally processed cells with metal electrodes, resulting in a considerable efficiency gap. To overcome this issue, we propose the use of low-temperature carbon-based (LTCB) electrodes, which offer several key advantages in comparison to mesoscopic high-temperature treated ones: (1) larger choice of selective layers, (2) applicability to all perovskite crystallization methods, (3) compatibility with flexible substrates and (4) faster deposition process. In this review, we analyze numerous techniques to formulate the LTCB-paste and ways to deposit it on the cell stack which have been developed in order to improve the interfacial contact and electrode conductivity. Besides describing the current state-of-the-art perovskite solar cells with LTCB-electrodes, the most promising strategies to enhance the PCE of such photovoltaic (PV) devices are discussed. Overall, we emphasize that PSCs with a LTCB-electrode combine high device stability, low manufacturing costs and low environmental impact, while having options for pushing the efficiency of carbon-based PSCs closer to the record-breaking cells, all of which are vital in order to fulfill the true potential of perovskite PV.

ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY2020

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A Strategy to Produce High Efficiency, High Stability Perovskite Solar Cells Using Functionalized Ionic Liquid-Dopants

Paul Joseph Dyson, Farzaneh Fadaei Tirani, Zhaofu Fei, Peng Gao, Yonghui Lee, Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin, Rosario Scopelliti, Yi Zhang

Functionalized imidazolium iodide salts (ionic liquids) modified with -CH2-CH=CH2, -CH2C equivalent to CH, or -CH2C equivalent to N groups are applied as dopants in the synthesis of CH3NH3PbI3-type perovskites together with a fumigation step. Notably, a solar cell device prepared from the perovskite film doped with the salt containing the -CH2-CH=CH2 side-chain has a power conversion efficiency of 19.21%, which is the highest efficiency reported for perovskite solar cells involving a fumigation step. However, doping with the imidazolium salts with the -CH2C equivalent to CH and -CH2C equivalent to N groups result in perovskite layers that lead to solar cell devices with similar or lower power conversion efficiencies than the dopant-free cell.

Wiley-Blackwell2017

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