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In this study we analyze and discuss the optical properties of various tandem architectures: mechanically stacked (four-terminal) and monolithically integrated (two-terminal) tandem devices, consisting of a methyl ammonium lead triiodide (CH3NH3PbI3) perovskite top solar cell and a crystalline silicon bottom solar cell. We provide layer thickness optimization guidelines and give estimates of the maximum tandem efficiencies based on state-of-the-art sub cells. We use experimental complex refractive index spectra for all involved materials as input data for an in-house developed optical simulator CROWM. Our characterization based simulations forecast that with optimized layer thicknesses the four-terminal configuration enables efficiencies over 30%, well above the current single-junction crystalline silicon cell record of 25.6%. Efficiencies over 30% can also be achieved with a two-terminal monolithic integration of the sub-cells, combined with proper selection of layer thicknesses. (C) 2015 Optical Society of America
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Brian Irving Carlsen, Felix Thomas Eickemeyer, Natalie Flores Diaz, Ulf Anders Hagfeldt, Desiré Molina Alcaide, Kazuteru Nonomura, Marco Alejandro Ruiz Preciado, Bowen Yang
Christophe Ballif, Rémi Biron, Jordi Escarre Palou, Franz-Josef Haug, Céline Pahud