RiffleA riffle is a shallow landform in a flowing channel. Colloquially, it is a shallow place in a river where water flows quickly past rocks. However, in geology a riffle has specific characteristics. Riffles are almost always found to have a very low discharge compared to the flow that fills the channel (approximately 10–20%), and as a result the water moving over a riffle appears shallow and fast, with a wavy, disturbed water surface. The water's surface over a riffle at low flow also has a much steeper slope than that over other in-channel landforms.
ErodeErode (iːɾoːɽɯ) is a city in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Erode is the seventh largest urban agglomeration in the state, after Chennai, Coimbatore, Madurai, Tiruchirapalli, Tiruppur and Salem. It is also the administrative headquarters of the Erode district. Administered by a city municipal corporation since 2008, Erode is a part of Erode Lok Sabha constituency that elects its member of parliament. Located on the banks of River Kaveri, it is situated centrally on South Indian Peninsula, about southwest of its state capital Chennai, south of Bengaluru, east of Coimbatore and east of Kochi.
District d'ErodeErode District is one of the 38 districts in the state of Tamil Nadu in India. It was the largest district by area in the state before the formation of Tirupur District in 2009. The headquarters of the district is Erode. It is divided into two revenue divisions, Erode and Gobichettipalayam, and is further subdivided into 10 taluks. Erode District was a part of Coimbatore District before its division into two on 17 September 1979. It covers an area of , and as of 2011, had a population of 2,251,744.
Fluide supercritiquevignette|droite|300px|Diagramme de phase pression-température du dioxyde de carbone, montrant le point triple et le point critique. En chimie physique, on qualifie de fluide supercritique l'état de la matière soumise à une température élevée et une forte pression mais pas au point de devenir solide. Plus précisément, on parle de fluide supercritique lorsqu'un fluide est chauffé au-delà de sa température critique et comprimé au-dessus de sa pression critique.
Insuffisance rénaleKidney failure, also known as end-stage kidney disease, is a medical condition in which the kidneys can no longer adequately filter waste products from the blood, functioning at less than 15% of normal levels. Kidney failure is classified as either acute kidney failure, which develops rapidly and may resolve; and chronic kidney failure, which develops slowly and can often be irreversible. Symptoms may include leg swelling, feeling tired, vomiting, loss of appetite, and confusion.
Crue centennaleUne crue centennale (prononcer ) est une crue dont la probabilité d'apparition (dite période de retour) sur une année est de , en termes de débit. Autrement dit, chaque année, la probabilité que son débit soit atteint ou dépassé est de . Il est donc faux de dire, comme l'affirme la croyance populaire, qu'une telle crue ne survient que tous les cent ans. De même une crue millénale a une probabilité d'apparition sur une année de . Enfin, une crue décennale est celle avec une probabilité de retour sur une année de .
Sediment transportSediment transport is the movement of solid particles (sediment), typically due to a combination of gravity acting on the sediment, and the movement of the fluid in which the sediment is entrained. Sediment transport occurs in natural systems where the particles are clastic rocks (sand, gravel, boulders, etc.), mud, or clay; the fluid is air, water, or ice; and the force of gravity acts to move the particles along the sloping surface on which they are resting.
Hydraulic engineeringHydraulic engineering as a sub-discipline of civil engineering is concerned with the flow and conveyance of fluids, principally water and sewage. One feature of these systems is the extensive use of gravity as the motive force to cause the movement of the fluids. This area of civil engineering is intimately related to the design of bridges, dams, channels, canals, and levees, and to both sanitary and environmental engineering.
Contrainte de cisaillementvignette|Une force est appliquée à la partie supérieure d'un carré, dont la base est bloquée. La déformation en résultant transforme le carré en parallélogramme. Une contrainte de cisaillement τ (lettre grecque « tau ») est une contrainte mécanique appliquée parallèlement à la section transversale d'un élément allongé, par opposition aux contraintes normales qui sont appliquées perpendiculairement à cette surface (donc longitudinalement, c.-à-d. selon l'axe principal de la pièce). C'est le rapport d'une force à une surface.
Méandrevignette|redresse=1.5| d'un cours d'eau représentant ses méandres : (A) mouille de concavité, (B) banc de convexité développé le long de la rive convexe, (C) situé au points d'inflexion de la courbure, 1-1' profil en travers, (E) rive concave. vignette|Méandrement. vignette|Méandres, bras morts et chevelu résultent de la dynamique naturelle des fleuves en plaine vignette|Dans les pays dits développés, depuis 500 ans au moins les méandres et bras morts tendent à disparaître, au profit d'axes navigables et canalisés dont les fonctions écologiques sont très dégradées (par ex.
