Crime environnementalLe crime environnemental (ou crime contre l'environnement ou crime écologique parfois aussi dénommé écocide) est une notion juridique récente qui, même si elle ne possède pas de définition faisant l'unanimité, est reconnue par la majorité des pays. On parle aussi d'éco-mafia pour désigner les auteurs de ces crimes quand leurs méthodes sont celles du crime organisé. Comme son nom l'indique, cette notion regroupe les incriminations incluses dans le droit de l'environnement et renvoie donc à ce droit de l'environnement, mais elle peut aussi s’inscrire dans les .
Environmental issuesEnvironmental issues are disruptions in the usual function of ecosystems. Further, these issues can be caused by humans (human impact on the environment) or they can be natural. These issues are considered serious when the ecosystem cannot recover in the present situation, and catastrophic if the ecosystem is projected to certainly collapse. Environmental protection is the practice of protecting the natural environment on the individual, organizational or governmental levels, for the benefit of both the environment and humans.
Environmental accountingEnvironmental accounting is a subset of accounting proper, its target being to incorporate both economic and environmental information. It can be conducted at the corporate level or at the level of a national economy through the System of Integrated Environmental and Economic Accounting, a satellite system to the National Accounts of Countries (among other things, the National Accounts produce the estimates of gross domestic product otherwise known as GDP).
Technology adoption life cycleThe technology adoption lifecycle is a sociological model that describes the adoption or acceptance of a new product or innovation, according to the demographic and psychological characteristics of defined adopter groups. The process of adoption over time is typically illustrated as a classical normal distribution or "bell curve". The model indicates that the first group of people to use a new product is called "innovators", followed by "early adopters".
EvaluationIn common usage, evaluation is a systematic determination and assessment of a subject's merit, worth and significance, using criteria governed by a set of standards. It can assist an organization, program, design, project or any other intervention or initiative to assess any aim, realisable concept/proposal, or any alternative, to help in decision-making; or to ascertain the degree of achievement or value in regard to the aim and objectives and results of any such action that has been completed.
Théorie de la firmeLa théorie de la firme consiste en un certain nombre de théories économiques qui décrivent, expliquent et prédisent la nature de la firme, compagnie, ou corporation sa vie, sa conduite, sa structure, et son rapport au marché. En termes simplifiés, la théorie de la firme a pour but de répondre à ces questions : L'existence. Pourquoi les firmes apparaissent, pourquoi toutes les transactions en économie ne sont pas mises sur le marché ? Les frontières. Pourquoi la frontière entre les firmes et le marché est s
The Nature of the Firm"The Nature of the Firm" (1937) is an article by Ronald Coase. It offered an economic explanation of why individuals choose to form partnerships, companies, and other business entities rather than trading bilaterally through contracts on a market. The author was awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences in 1991 in part due to this paper. Despite the honor, the paper was written when Coase was an undergraduate and he described it later in life as "little more than an undergraduate essay.
Diffusion of innovationsDiffusion of innovations is a theory that seeks to explain how, why, and at what rate new ideas and technology spread. The theory was popularized by Everett Rogers in his book Diffusion of Innovations, first published in 1962. Rogers argues that diffusion is the process by which an innovation is communicated over time among the participants in a social system. The origins of the diffusion of innovations theory are varied and span multiple disciplines.
