Data domainIn data management and database analysis, a data domain is the collection of values that a data element may contain. The rule for determining the domain boundary may be as simple as a data type with an enumerated list of values. For example, a database table that has information about people, with one record per person, might have a "marital status" column. This column might be declared as a string data type, and allowed to have one of two known code values: "M" for married, "S" for single, and NULL for records where marital status is unknown or not applicable.
Peine de mortupright=1.5|vignette|Application de la peine de mort dans le monde en 2021. La peine de mort, ou peine capitale, est une peine prévue par la loi consistant à exécuter une personne ayant été reconnue coupable d'une faute qualifiée de « crime capital ». La sentence est prononcée par le pouvoir judiciaire à l'issue d'un procès. En l'absence d'un procès, ou dans les cas où celui-ci n'est pas réalisé par une institution reconnue, on parle d'exécution sommaire, d'acte de vengeance ou de justice privée.
Sanity checkA sanity check or sanity test is a basic test to quickly evaluate whether a claim or the result of a calculation can possibly be true. It is a simple check to see if the produced material is rational (that the material's creator was thinking rationally, applying sanity). The point of a sanity test is to rule out certain classes of obviously false results, not to catch every possible error. A rule-of-thumb or back-of-the-envelope calculation may be checked to perform the test.
Exécution sommairevignette|Tres de mayo est un tableau de Goya illustrant les exécutions sommaires du 3 Mai 1808 Une exécution sommaire (ou extrajudiciaire, bien que l'expression exécution extrajudiciaire ait aussi un sens différent) est un type d'homicide dans lequel un prisonnier, accusé ou suspect d'activités criminelles ou subversives, est tué, souvent sur le lieu et au moment de sa capture, après avoir été arrêté et fait prisonnier au préalable.
Régression logicielleA software regression is a type of software bug where a feature that has worked before stops working. This may happen after changes are applied to the software's source code, including the addition of new features and bug fixes. They may also be introduced by changes to the environment in which the software is running, such as system upgrades, system patching or a change to daylight saving time. A software performance regression is a situation where the software still functions correctly, but performs more slowly or uses more memory or resources than before.
Execution unitIn computer engineering, an execution unit (E-unit or EU) is a part of the central processing unit (CPU) or graphics processing unit (GPU) that performs the operations and calculations forwarded from the instruction unit. It may have its own internal control sequence unit (not to be confused with the CPU's main control unit), some registers, and other internal units such as an arithmetic logic unit, address generation unit, floating-point unit, load–store unit, branch execution unit or some smaller and more specific components.
Code arbitraireIn computer security, arbitrary code execution (ACE) is an attacker's ability to run any commands or code of the attacker's choice on a target machine or in a target process. An arbitrary code execution vulnerability is a security flaw in software or hardware allowing arbitrary code execution. A program that is designed to exploit such a vulnerability is called an arbitrary code execution exploit. The ability to trigger arbitrary code execution over a network (especially via a wide-area network such as the Internet) is often referred to as remote code execution (RCE).
Automatic bug fixingAutomatic bug-fixing is the automatic repair of software bugs without the intervention of a human programmer. It is also commonly referred to as automatic patch generation, automatic bug repair, or automatic program repair. The typical goal of such techniques is to automatically generate correct patches to eliminate bugs in software programs without causing software regression. Automatic bug fixing is made according to a specification of the expected behavior which can be for instance a formal specification or a test suite.
Exécution par arme à feuvignette|Exécution de partisans soviétiques par l'armée allemande durant la Seconde Guerre mondiale (septembre 1941). Le peloton d'exécution est une méthode d'exécution principalement utilisée par les armées. vignette|gauche|Reconstitution de l'exécution d'insurgés cubains durant la guerre hispano-américaine, par Thomas Edison avec des acteurs en 1898. Le condamné à mort est placé face aux tireurs, à une distance qui varie selon les codes militaires ou parfois selon les dispositions ou la volonté du gradé ou de l'autorité qui commande ou ordonne l'exécution.