Effects of climate change on agricultureThe effects of climate change on agriculture can result in lower crop yields and nutritional quality due to drought, heat waves and flooding as well as increases in pests and plant diseases. Climate change impacts are making it harder for agricultural activities to meet human needs. The effects are unevenly distributed across the world and are caused by changes in temperature, precipitation and atmospheric carbon dioxide levels due to global climate change. In 2019, millions were already suffering from food insecurity due to climate change.
Mineral collectingMineral collecting is the hobby of systematically collecting, identifying and displaying mineral specimens. Mineral collecting can also be a part of the profession of mineralogy and allied geologic specialties. Individual collectors often specialize in certain areas, for example collecting samples of several varieties of the mineral calcite from locations spread throughout a region or the world, or of minerals found in pegmatites. Generally considered the "father of mineralogy", Georgius Agricola (1494–1555) was also an avid mineral collector.
Interventionism (politics)Interventionism is a political practice of intervention, particularly to the practice of governments to interfere in political affairs of other countries, staging military or trade interventions. Economic interventionism is a different practice of intervention, one of economic policy at home. Military intervention, as the main issue, has been defined by Martha Finnemore in the context of international relations as "the deployment of military personnel across recognized boundaries for the purpose of determining the political authority structure in the target state".
Agricultural expansionAgricultural expansion describes the growth of agricultural land (arable land, pastures, etc.) especially in the 20th and 21st centuries. The agricultural expansion is often explained as a direct consequence of the global increase in food and energy requirements due to continuing population growth (both which in turn have been attributed to agricultural expansion itself), with an estimated expectation of 10 to 11 billion humans on Earth by end of this century.
OrganophosphateIn organic chemistry, organophosphates (also known as phosphate esters, or OPEs) are a class of organophosphorus compounds with the general structure , a central phosphate molecule with alkyl or aromatic substituents. They can be considered as esters of phosphoric acid. Like most functional groups, organophosphates occur in a diverse range of forms, with important examples including key biomolecules such as DNA, RNA and ATP, as well as many insecticides, herbicides, nerve agents and flame retardants.
Industrialisation par substitution aux importationsIl existe plusieurs types de politiques menées par les pays en voie de développement durant les années 1960 et jusqu'à nos jours ; celle de l'industrialisation par substitution aux importations (ISI) se fonde sur des barrières tarifaires — ou non tarifaires — permettant au pays de produire lui-même ce qu'il importait à l'origine, créant un développement autocentré. Le pays en question va donc produire de lui-même ce qu'il importait, se mettant en situation d'indépendance par rapport aux autres pays.
Organisation des Nations unies pour l'alimentation et l'agriculturevignette|Le siège de la FAO, Rome. vignette|Le siège de la FAO, Rome. vignette|Lester B. Pearson préside une séance plénière de la conférence de fondation de l'Organisation des Nations unies pour l'alimentation et l'agriculture. octobre 1945. LOrganisation des Nations unies pour l’alimentation et l’agriculture (connue sous les sigles ONUAA ou, plus couramment, FAO, de l'anglais Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) est une organisation spécialisée du système des Nations unies, créée en 1945 à Québec.
