Jet fuelJet fuel or aviation turbine fuel (ATF, also abbreviated avtur) is a type of aviation fuel designed for use in aircraft powered by gas-turbine engines. It is colorless to straw-colored in appearance. The most commonly used fuels for commercial aviation are Jet A and Jet A-1, which are produced to a standardized international specification. The only other jet fuel commonly used in civilian turbine-engine powered aviation is Jet B, which is used for its enhanced cold-weather performance.
Neuroscience and intelligenceNeuroscience and intelligence refers to the various neurological factors that are partly responsible for the variation of intelligence within species or between different species. A large amount of research in this area has been focused on the neural basis of human intelligence. Historic approaches to studying the neuroscience of intelligence consisted of correlating external head parameters, for example head circumference, to intelligence. Post-mortem measures of brain weight and brain volume have also been used.
Acidose métaboliqueL'acidose métabolique est un trouble de l'équilibre acido-basique défini par une baisse du pH dans le secteur extracellulaire plasmatique (sang), d'origine métabolique. C'est une baisse des ions bicarbonates qui en est la cause, elle-même pouvant être due à une diarrhée, une atteinte rénale, ou à une charge acide excessive d'origine exogène ou endogène (lactatémie élevée, état de choc, cétose). Le pH représente la concentration en protons libres d'une solution. Le pH se mesure dans le sang, la lymphe, l'espace interstitiel et le milieu intracellulaire.
Brain–body mass ratioBrain–body mass ratio, also known as the brain–body weight ratio, is the ratio of brain mass to body mass, which is hypothesized to be a rough estimate of the intelligence of an animal, although fairly inaccurate in many cases. A more complex measurement, encephalization quotient, takes into account allometric effects of widely divergent body sizes across several taxa. The raw brain-to-body mass ratio is however simpler to come by, and is still a useful tool for comparing encephalization within species or between fairly closely related species.
Investissement parentalDans la biologie de l'évolution, Robert Trivers fut le premier à définir le terme d'investissement parental (IP) comme tout investissement par le parent dans une descendance individuelle qui en augmente la chance de survie (et par là la réussite de la reproduction), mais en ôtant au parent des possibilités d'investir dans une autre progéniture. En d'autres termes, cela représente ce que les parents dépensent (en temps, énergie, etc.
