Publication

Mapping Biological Current Densities With Ultrafast Acoustoelectric Imaging: Application to the Beating Rat Heart

Résumé

Ultrafast acoustoelectric imaging (UAI) is a novel method for the mapping of biological current densities, which may improve the diagnosis and monitoring of cardiac activation diseases such as arrhythmias. This paper evaluates the feasibility of performing UAI in beating rat hearts. A previously described system based on a 256-channel ultrasound research platform fitted with a 5-MHz linear array was used for simultaneous UAI, ultrafast B-mode, and electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings. In this paper, rat hearts (n = 4) were retroperfused within a Langendorff isolated heart system. A pair of Ag/Cl electrodes were positioned on the epicardium to simultaneously record ECG and UAI signals for imaging frame rates of up to 1000 Hz and a mechanical index of 1.3. To account for the potential effect of motion on the UAI maps, acquisitions for n = 3 hearts were performed with and without suppression of the mechanical contraction using 2,3-butanedione monoxime. Current densities were detected for all four rats in the region of the atrio-ventricular node, with an average contrast-to-noise ratios of 12. The UAI signals' frequency matched the sinus rhythm, even without mechanical contraction, suggesting that the signals measured correspond to physiological electrical activation. UAI signals appeared at the apex and within the ventricular walls with a delay estimated at 29 ms. Finally, the signals from different electrode positions along the myocardium wall showed the possibility of mapping the electrical activation throughout the heart. These results show the potential of UAI for cardiac activation mapping in vivo and in real time.

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Concepts associés (36)
Électrocardiographie
vignette|L'électrocardiographie est la technique d'enregistrement des courants électriques accompagnant les contractions du cœur. Elle est réalisée grâce à un électrocardiographe relié au patient par des électrodes. vignette|Un électrocardiogramme est une représentation graphique sur papier de l'activité électrique du cœur. L'électrocardiographie (ECG) est une représentation graphique de l'activité électrique du cœur.
Ventricular hypertrophy
Ventricular hypertrophy (VH) is thickening of the walls of a ventricle (lower chamber) of the heart. Although left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is more common, right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH), as well as concurrent hypertrophy of both ventricles can also occur. Ventricular hypertrophy can result from a variety of conditions, both adaptive and maladaptive. For example, it occurs in what is regarded as a physiologic, adaptive process in pregnancy in response to increased blood volume; but can also occur as a consequence of ventricular remodeling following a heart attack.
Dysplasie ventriculaire droite arythmogène
La dysplasie ventriculaire droite arythmogène (DVDA) est une maladie cardiaque, de type canalopathie, responsable de troubles du rythme ventriculaire pouvant conduire à la mort subite chez les personnes jeunes et les athlètes. C'est une forme de cardiomyopathie (littéralement, maladie du muscle cardiaque) d'origine non ischémique intéressant prioritairement le ventricule droit. Cette maladie se caractérise par le remplacement des cellules musculaires du ventricule droit par des cellules adipeuses.
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