Publication

Single-photon avalanche diode imagers in biophotonics: review and outlook

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The capability to process high-resolution videos in real-time is becoming more important in a wide variety of applications such as autonomous vehicles, virtual reality or intelligent surveillance systems. The high-accuracy and complex video processing algo ...
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Optical-stack optimization for improved SPAD photon detection efficiency

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Single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) are direct photon-to-digital detectors that enable scalable arrays with Poisson-limited signal-to-noise ratio and picosecond timing resolution. However, SPAD detectors require a guard-ring structure to prevent lateral ...
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Progress in single-photon avalanche diode image sensors in standard CMOS: From two-dimensional monolithic to three-dimensional-stacked technology

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Single-photon detection and photon counting are useful tools in many fields, from light detection and ranging (LiDAR) to biomedical imaging and from time-resolved Raman spectroscopy to quantum applications. In this context, recently, single-photon avalanch ...
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Flexible Single-Photon Image Sensors, CMOS Circuits for Biological Sensing and Processing

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Photon-counting imaging technology has applications in many fields such as fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM), time-resolved Raman spectroscopy, 3D imaging, and even space communications. The requirement to detect single photons with picosecon ...
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Applications of a reconfigurable SPAD line imager

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Single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) fabricated in standard CMOS processes enable cost-effective volume production of sensors capable of time-stamping individual photons with high accuracy. This capability makes the sensors ideally suited for application ...
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Dynamic range extension for photon counting arrays

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Confocal microscopes use photomultiplier tubes and hybrid detectors due to their large dynamic range, which typically exceeds the one of single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs). The latter, due to their photon counting operation, are usually limited to an o ...
2018

Time-resolved Single-photon Detector Arrays for High Resolution Near-infrared Optical Tomography

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Oxygenation is an important marker in many clinical settings, e.g. diagnosing ischaemic brain injuries in preterm infants or determining treatment effectiveness in cancer patients. Despite significant efforts to determine the oxygenation state of the human ...
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3Dstacked CMOS SPAD based image sensors hold the promise for better sensitivity and more functionality per pixel. The technology enables to separate detection from computation onto different chips, or tiers, that are stacked onto one another. One advantage ...
IEEE2018

Ten years of biophotonics single-photon SPAD imager applications: retrospective and outlook, Multiphoton Microscopy in the Biomedical Sciences XVII

Edoardo Charbon, Claudio Bruschini, Harald Arjan Robert Homulle

SPAD (single-photon avalanche diode) arrays are single-photon imagers that can provide unparalleled timeresolved sensing performance. Since their inception in standard CMOS technologies (2003), a host of architectures and target applications have been expl ...
2017

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Low frequency THz radiation is visualized on common optically-designed CCD and CMOS sensors. The CCD/CMOS technology offers smallest pixel size, large chip, very cheap cost, insensitivity to background noise, and multispectral detection. ...
Ieee2016

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