Homeostatic plasticityIn neuroscience, homeostatic plasticity refers to the capacity of neurons to regulate their own excitability relative to network activity. The term homeostatic plasticity derives from two opposing concepts: 'homeostatic' (a product of the Greek words for 'same' and 'state' or 'condition') and plasticity (or 'change'), thus homeostatic plasticity means "staying the same through change". Homeostatic synaptic plasticity is a means of maintaining the synaptic basis for learning, respiration, and locomotion, in contrast to the Hebbian plasticity associated with learning and memory.
Audition intérieureL'audition intérieure est la capacité de se représenter mentalement et de façon juste les intervalles musicaux, c’est-à-dire l'écart de hauteur séparant des notes successives (mélodie), ou simultanées (accords). La notion de rythme fait implicitement partie de l'audition intérieure. Elle ne peut exister sans une oreille relative. En effet, cette représentation mentale est due à la mémorisation des intervalles identifiés à l'audition par le musicien. L'oreille absolue n'est pas prérequise.
Motor skillA motor skill is a function that involves specific movements of the body's muscles to perform a certain task. These tasks could include walking, running, or riding a bike. In order to perform this skill, the body's nervous system, muscles, and brain have to all work together. The goal of motor skill is to optimize the ability to perform the skill at the rate of success, precision, and to reduce the energy consumption required for performance. Performance is an act of executing a motor skill or task.
Encoding (memory)Memory has the ability to encode, store and recall information. Memories give an organism the capability to learn and adapt from previous experiences as well as build relationships. Encoding allows a perceived item of use or interest to be converted into a construct that can be stored within the brain and recalled later from long-term memory. Working memory stores information for immediate use or manipulation, which is aided through hooking onto previously archived items already present in the long-term memory of an individual.
Économie comportementaleL'économie comportementale est un champ de la science économique qui étudie le comportement des êtres humains dans les situations économiques. L'un des principaux objectifs de l'économie comportementale est notamment de décrire et d'expliquer pourquoi, dans certaines situations, les êtres humains adoptent un comportement qui peut sembler paradoxal ou non rationnel, c'est-à-dire contraire à ce que prédirait la théorie de l'Homo œconomicus.
Genre musicalthumb|Tango. D'après l'encyclopédie Larousse, le genre musical est un . Le genre musical est un concept sans limites précises, il est compliqué d'établir une liste exhaustive des genres. La dénomination d’un genre peut venir d’une expression qui a marqué une scène musicale (Krautrock), de techniques ou sources sonores utilisées par le genre musical populaire (techno, synthpop), de son origine géographique (Miami bass, UK garage), ou de l’intention que porte le style (rock psychédélique).
Ganglions de la baseLes ganglions de la base (autrement appelés noyaux gris centraux ou noyaux de la base) sont un ensemble de structures sous-corticales constitué par des noyaux pairs, interconnectés au niveau télencéphalique (hémisphères cérébraux) et diencéphalique. Leur structure peut varier selon qu'on les définit de manière anatomique ou fonctionnelle.
Musical compositionMusical composition can refer to an original piece or work of music, either vocal or instrumental, the structure of a musical piece or to the process of creating or writing a new piece of music. People who create new compositions are called composers. Composers of primarily songs are usually called songwriters; with songs, the person who writes lyrics for a song is the lyricist. In many cultures, including Western classical music, the act of composing typically includes the creation of music notation, such as a sheet music "score," which is then performed by the composer or by other musicians.
Gross motor skillGross motor skills are the abilities usually acquired during childhood as part of a child's motor learning. By the time they reach two years of age, almost all children are able to stand up, walk and run, walk up stairs, etc. These skills are built upon, improved and better controlled throughout early childhood, and continue in refinement throughout most of the individual's years of development into adulthood. These gross movements come from large muscle groups and whole body movement.
Sciences cognitivesthumb|283x283px|Les six disciplines scientifiques constituant les sciences cognitives et leurs liens interdisciplinaires, par l'un des pères fondateurs du domaine, G. A. Miller. Les traits pleins symbolisent les disciplines entre lesquelles existaient déjà des liens scientifiques à la naissance des sciences cognitives ; en pointillés, les disciplines entre lesquelles des interfaces se sont développées depuis lors.
