Electrical resistance and conductanceThe electrical resistance of an object is a measure of its opposition to the flow of electric current. Its reciprocal quantity is , measuring the ease with which an electric current passes. Electrical resistance shares some conceptual parallels with mechanical friction. The SI unit of electrical resistance is the ohm (Ω), while electrical conductance is measured in siemens (S) (formerly called the 'mho' and then represented by ℧). The resistance of an object depends in large part on the material it is made of.
Dielectric heatingDielectric heating, also known as electronic heating, radio frequency heating, and high-frequency heating, is the process in which a radio frequency (RF) alternating electric field, or radio wave or microwave electromagnetic radiation heats a dielectric material. At higher frequencies, this heating is caused by molecular dipole rotation within the dielectric. Molecular rotation occurs in materials containing polar molecules having an electrical dipole moment, with the consequence that they will align themselves in an electromagnetic field.
Fusion partiellevignette| 300px| Les laves proviennent de la différenciation chimique de magmas formés par fusion partielle. La fusion partielle d'une roche correspond à la fusion d'une partie de ses minéraux, généralement dans des proportions différentes de celles de la roche elle-même. La température de la roche est telle que le solidus de la roche est dépassé, alors que son liquidus n'est pas atteint. Lorsque la roche source est ainsi en partie fondue, on a la formation d'un liquide magmatique entre les cristaux non encore fondus : les phases solides et liquide coexistent.
Arc volcaniquevignette|Section transversale d'un arc volcanique, constitué typiquement d'un , d'un front volcanique ou et d'un bassin arrière-arc. Un arc volcanique est un ensemble de volcans s'alignant plus ou moins selon une courbe. Ils naissent de la subduction d'une plaque océanique sous une plaque continentale ou une autre plaque océanique. Dans le cas d'une subduction sous une plaque océanique, les volcans forment des îles regroupées en un archipel. La plupart des arcs volcaniques forment la ceinture de feu du Pacifique.
Island arcIsland arcs are long chains of active volcanoes with intense seismic activity found along convergent tectonic plate boundaries. Most island arcs originate on oceanic crust and have resulted from the descent of the lithosphere into the mantle along the subduction zone. They are the principal way by which continental growth is achieved. Island arcs can either be active or inactive based on their seismicity and presence of volcanoes. Active arcs are ridges of recent volcanoes with an associated deep seismic zone.
