Patient-reported outcomeA patient-reported outcome (PRO) is a health outcome directly reported by the patient who experienced it. It stands in contrast to an outcome reported by someone else, such as a physician-reported outcome, a nurse-reported outcome, and so on. PRO methods, such as questionnaires, are used in clinical trials or other clinical settings, to help better understand a treatment's efficacy or effectiveness. The use of digitized PROs, or electronic patient-reported outcomes (ePROs), is on the rise in today's health research setting.
Ventricular remodelingIn cardiology, ventricular remodeling (or cardiac remodeling) refers to changes in the size, shape, structure, and function of the heart. This can happen as a result of exercise (physiological remodeling) or after injury to the heart muscle (pathological remodeling). The injury is typically due to acute myocardial infarction (usually transmural or ST segment elevation infarction), but may be from a number of causes that result in increased pressure or volume, causing pressure overload or volume overload (forms of strain) on the heart.
Myocardethumb|200px|Coupe dans le myocarde Le myocarde est le tissu musculaire (myo-, muscle) du cœur (-carde). C'est un muscle épais et creux à contraction rythmique contrôlée par le système nerveux végétatif (involontaire/autonome). Les tissus annexes du myocarde sont l'endocarde (plus à l'intérieur, un endothélium spécialisé) et le péricarde (couche de tissu conjonctif entourant le cœur). Le myocarde est composé de cellules musculaires cardiaques spécialisées, les cardiomyocytes, qui ne ressemblent à aucun autre tissu musculaire du corps.
Acute decompensated heart failureAcute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) is a sudden worsening of the signs and symptoms of heart failure, which typically includes difficulty breathing (dyspnea), leg or feet swelling, and fatigue. ADHF is a common and potentially serious cause of acute respiratory distress. The condition is caused by severe congestion of multiple organs by fluid that is inadequately circulated by the failing heart. An attack of decompensation can be caused by underlying medical illness, such as myocardial infarction, an abnormal heart rhythm, infection, or thyroid disease.
CœurLe cœur est un organe musculaire creux qui assure la circulation sanguine en pompant le sang vers les vaisseaux sanguins et les cavités du corps à travers des contractions rythmiques. L'adjectif cardiaque veut dire « qui a un rapport avec le cœur » ; il vient du grec kardia (καρδία) « cœur » , et de la racine indo-européenne ḱḗr (« entrailles »). Fichier:Heart left ventricular outflow track.jpg|Coupe frontale du ventricule gauche du cœur humain. Fichier:Le Cœur Humaine avec des Annotations.
Stimulateur cardiaquevignette|Un stimulateur cardiaque. Le stimulateur cardiaque, ou pacemaker, ou pile cardiaque, est un dispositif implanté dans l’organisme fournissant des impulsions électriques destinées à stimuler les muscles cardiaques en permettant ainsi, par exemple, d’accélérer la pulsation du cœur lorsqu’il est trop lent. La stimulation cardiaque peut être provisoire, pour faire face à une situation transitoire ou définitive.
Insuffisance rénaleKidney failure, also known as end-stage kidney disease, is a medical condition in which the kidneys can no longer adequately filter waste products from the blood, functioning at less than 15% of normal levels. Kidney failure is classified as either acute kidney failure, which develops rapidly and may resolve; and chronic kidney failure, which develops slowly and can often be irreversible. Symptoms may include leg swelling, feeling tired, vomiting, loss of appetite, and confusion.
Maladie aiguëIn medicine, describing a disease as acute denotes that it is of recent onset; it occasionally denotes a short duration. The quantification of how much time constitutes "short" and "recent" varies by disease and by context, but the core denotation of "acute" is always qualitatively in contrast with "chronic", which denotes long-lasting disease (for example, in acute leukaemia and chronic leukaemia). In the context of the mass noun "acute disease", it refers to the acute phase (that is, a short course) of any disease entity.
PlaceboA placebo (pləˈsiːboʊ ) is a substance or treatment which is designed to have no therapeutic value. Common placebos include inert tablets (like sugar pills), inert injections (like saline), sham surgery, and other procedures. In general, placebos can affect how patients perceive their condition and encourage the body's chemical processes for relieving pain and a few other symptoms, but have no impact on the disease itself.
Angioplastie coronaireL'angioplastie coronaire est l'intervention qui consiste à traiter une artère coronaire rétrécie, par exemple dans le cas de la maladie coronarienne, en la dilatant au moyen d'une sonde munie d'un ballon gonflable à son extrémité. Cette intervention se fait sous anesthésie locale, mais nécessite toutefois une surveillance particulière du patient. L'intervention est également appelée dilatation transluminale, angioplastie coronaire transluminale percutanée ou encore ICP, intervention coronarienne percutanée.
