Mémoire à court termeLa mémoire à court terme (MCT) désigne en psychologie le type de mémoire qui permet de retenir et de réutiliser une quantité limitée d'informations pendant un temps relativement court, environ une demi-minute. Un grand nombre de recherches en psychologie cognitive ont cherché à déterminer les caractéristiques (capacité, durée, fonctionnement) et le rôle de la mémoire à court terme dans la cognition. Le concept de mémoire à court terme est assez ancien en psychologie scientifique.
Cortex orbitofrontalLe cortex orbitofrontal (OF) est une région du cortex cérébral qui entre en jeu dans le processus de décision. Il est situé en position antérieure et sur la face inférieure du cortex préfrontal. Il prend son nom des lobes frontaux et du fait qu'il est situé au-dessus des orbites. Cette partie du cortex préfrontal est en connexion avec le thalamus. Parce qu'il est actif dans les émotions et le système de récompense, le cortex orbitofrontal est souvent considéré comme faisant partie du système limbique. Orbi
False memory syndromeIn psychology, false memory syndrome (FMS) was a controversial proposed condition in which a person's identity and relationships are affected by what are believed to be false memories of psychological trauma, recollections which are strongly believed but factually contested by the accused. Peter J. Freyd originated the term partly to explain what he said was a false accusation of sexual abuse made against him by his daughter Jennifer Freyd and his False Memory Syndrome Foundation (FMSF) subsequently popularized the concept.
Ventromedial prefrontal cortexThe ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) is a part of the prefrontal cortex in the mammalian brain. The ventral medial prefrontal is located in the frontal lobe at the bottom of the cerebral hemispheres and is implicated in the processing of risk and fear, as it is critical in the regulation of amygdala activity in humans. It also plays a role in the inhibition of emotional responses, and in the process of decision-making and self-control. It is also involved in the cognitive evaluation of morality.
Primary somatosensory cortexIn neuroanatomy, the primary somatosensory cortex is located in the postcentral gyrus of the brain's parietal lobe, and is part of the somatosensory system. It was initially defined from surface stimulation studies of Wilder Penfield, and parallel surface potential studies of Bard, Woolsey, and Marshall. Although initially defined to be roughly the same as Brodmann areas 3, 1 and 2, more recent work by Kaas has suggested that for homogeny with other sensory fields only area 3 should be referred to as "primary somatosensory cortex", as it receives the bulk of the thalamocortical projections from the sensory input fields.
Lobe frontalLe lobe frontal est une région du cerveau des vertébrés. Il est situé à l'avant des lobes pariétal et temporal. Dans le cerveau humain, le sillon central (ou scissure de Rolando) sépare le lobe frontal du lobe pariétal tout au long de la surface du cortex cérébral. Le sillon latéral (ou scissure de Sylvius) sépare le gyrus (ou circonvolution) frontal inférieur du lobe temporal.
Implicit memoryIn psychology, implicit memory is one of the two main types of long-term human memory. It is acquired and used unconsciously, and can affect thoughts and behaviours. One of its most common forms is procedural memory, which allows people to perform certain tasks without conscious awareness of these previous experiences; for example, remembering how to tie one's shoes or ride a bicycle without consciously thinking about those activities.
Lobe (cerveau)thumb|right|Les lobes externes du cerveau humain. Sont aussi dessinés le cervelet en bleu et le tronc cérébral en noir qui sont des structures nerveuses distinctes du cerveau proprement dit. thumb|right|150px| Vue en 3D des lobes thumb|right| Vue en 3D des lobes externes du cerveau : frontal (rouge), pariétal (orange), temporal (vert), et occipital (jaune).Sont également représentés le cervelet (bleu) et le tronc cérébral (noir). En anatomie, chacun des deux hémisphères du cerveau est divisée en plusieurs lobes dont quatre sont dits externes et deux sont dits internes.
Baddeley's model of working memoryBaddeley's model of working memory is a model of human memory proposed by Alan Baddeley and Graham Hitch in 1974, in an attempt to present a more accurate model of primary memory (often referred to as short-term memory). Working memory splits primary memory into multiple components, rather than considering it to be a single, unified construct. Baddeley & Hitch proposed their three-part working memory model as an alternative to the short-term store in Atkinson & Shiffrin's 'multi-store' memory model (1968).
Nucleus (neuroanatomy)In neuroanatomy, a nucleus (: nuclei) is a cluster of neurons in the central nervous system, located deep within the cerebral hemispheres and brainstem. The neurons in one nucleus usually have roughly similar connections and functions. Nuclei are connected to other nuclei by tracts, the bundles (fascicles) of axons (nerve fibers) extending from the cell bodies. A nucleus is one of the two most common forms of nerve cell organization, the other being layered structures such as the cerebral cortex or cerebellar cortex.
