Novel Search for High-Frequency Gravitational Waves with Low-Mass Axion Haloscopes

Valerie Fiona Domcke
2022
Article

Résumé

Gravitational waves (GWs) generate oscillating electromagnetic effects in the vicinity of external electric and magnetic fields. We discuss this phenomenon with a particular focus on reinterpreting the results of axion haloscopes based on lumped-element detectors, which probe GWs in the 100 kHz???100 MHz range. Measurements from ABRACADABRA and SHAFT already place bounds on GWs, although the present strain sensitivity is weak. However, we demonstrate that the sensitivity scaling with the volume of such instruments is significant???faster than for axions???and so rapid progress will be made in the future. With no modifications, DMRadio-m3 will have a GW strain sensitivity of h ??? 10???20 at 200 MHz. A simple modification of the pickup loop used to readout the induced magnetic flux can parametrically enhance the GW sensitivity, particularly at lower frequencies.

Official source

https://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/296150?ln=fr

À propos de ce résultat

Cette page est générée automatiquement et peut contenir des informations qui ne sont pas correctes, complètes, à jour ou pertinentes par rapport à votre recherche. Il en va de même pour toutes les autres pages de ce site. Veillez à vérifier les informations auprès des sources officielles de l'EPFL.

Concepts associés

Chargement

Publications associées

Chargement

Publications associées (8)

Potential of Radio Telescopes as High-Frequency Gravitational Wave Detectors

Valerie Fiona Domcke

In the presence of magnetic fields, gravitational waves are converted into photons and vice versa. We demonstrate that this conversion leads to a distortion of the cosmic microwave background (CMB), which can serve as a detector for MHz to GHz gravitational wave sources active before reionization. The measurements of the radio telescope EDGES can be cast as a bound on the gravitational wave amplitude, h(c) < 10(-21) (10(-12)) at 78 MHz, for the strongest (weakest) cosmic magnetic fields allowed by current astrophysical and cosmological constraints. Similarly, the results of ARCADE 2 imply h(c) < 10(-24) (10(-14)) at 3-30 GHz. For the strongest magnetic fields, these constraints exceed current laboratory constraints by about 7 orders of magnitude. Future advances in 21 cm astronomy may conceivably push these bounds below the sensitivity of cosmological constraints on the total energy density of gravitational waves.

2021

Chargement

Relic Gravitational Waves from the Chiral Magnetic Effect

Relic gravitational waves (GWs) can be produced by primordial magnetic fields. However, not much is known about the resulting GW amplitudes and their dependence on the details of the generation mechanism. Here we treat magnetic field generation through the chiral magnetic effect (CME) as a generic mechanism and explore its dependence on the speed of generation (the product of magnetic diffusivity and characteristic wavenumber) and the speed characterizing the maximum magnetic field strength expected from the CME. When the latter exceeds the former (regime I), which is the regime applicable to the early universe, we obtain an inverse cascade with moderate GW energy that scales with the third power of the magnetic energy. When the generation speed exceeds the CME limit (regime II), the GW energy continues to increase without a corresponding increase of magnetic energy. In the early kinematic phase, the GW energy spectrum (per linear wavenumber interval) has opposite slopes in both regimes and is characterized by an inertial range spectrum in regime I and a white noise spectrum in regime II. The occurrence of these two slopes is shown to be a generic consequence of a nearly monochromatic exponential growth of the magnetic field. The resulting GW energy is found to be proportional to the fifth power of the limiting CME speed and the first power of the generation speed.

IOP PUBLISHING LTD2021

Chargement

A metastable cosmic-string network is a generic consequence of many grand unified theories (GUTs) when combined with cosmic inflation. Metastable cosmic strings are not topologically stable, but decay on cosmic time scales due to pair production of GUT monopoles. This leads to a network consisting of metastable long strings on superhorizon scales as well as of string loops and segments on subhorizon scales. We compute for the first time the complete stochastic gravitational-wave background (SGWB) arising from all these network constituents, including several technical improvements to both the derivation of the loop and segment contributions. We find that the gravitational waves emitted by string loops provide the main contribution to the gravitational-wave spectrum in the relevant parameter space. The resulting spectrum is consistent with the tentative signal observed by the NANOGrav and Parkes pulsar timing collaborations for a string tension of G mu similar to 10(-11...-7) and has ample discovery space for ground- and space-based detectors. For GUT-scale string tensions, G mu similar to 10(-8...-7), metastable strings predict a SGWB in the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA band that could be discovered in the near future.

IOP Publishing Ltd2021

Chargement

Afficher plus