Positive behavior supportPositive behavior support (PBS) uses tools from applied behaviour analysis and values of normalisation and social role valorisation theory to improve quality of life, usually in schools. PBS uses functional analysis to understand what maintains an individual's challenging behavior and how to support the individual to get these needs met in more appropriate way, instead of using 'challenging behaviours'. People's inappropriate behaviors are difficult to change because they are functional; they serve a purpose for them.
Cerebrospinal fluid leakA cerebrospinal fluid leak (CSF leak or CSFL) is a medical condition where the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) surrounding the brain or spinal cord leaks out of one or more holes or tears in the dura mater. A cerebrospinal fluid leak can be either cranial or spinal, and these are two different disorders. A spinal CSF leak can be caused by one or more meningeal diverticula or CSF-venous fistulas not associated with an epidural leak.
Neuroscience and intelligenceNeuroscience and intelligence refers to the various neurological factors that are partly responsible for the variation of intelligence within species or between different species. A large amount of research in this area has been focused on the neural basis of human intelligence. Historic approaches to studying the neuroscience of intelligence consisted of correlating external head parameters, for example head circumference, to intelligence. Post-mortem measures of brain weight and brain volume have also been used.
Maternal physiological changes in pregnancyMaternal physiological changes in pregnancy are the adaptations that take place during pregnancy that enable the accommodation of the developing embryo and fetus. These are normal physiological adaptations that cause changes in behavior, the functioning of the heart, blood vessels, and blood, metabolism including increases in blood sugar levels, kidney function, posture, and breathing. During pregnancy numerous hormones and proteins are secreted that also have a broad range of effects.
Plexus choroïdesLes plexus choroïdes forment des structures, des parois, des ventricules du cerveau où le liquide cérébrospinal est sécrété. C'est un lacis de vaisseaux sanguins capillaires poreux (on dit qu'ils sont fenestrés), entourés d'épendymocytes (ou cellules épendymaires) qui constituent un tissu similaire à un épithélium. La porosité des capillaires permet au sang d'arriver aux épendymocytes, mais pas au-delà. Les plexus choroïdes fabriquent le liquide cérébrospinal en laissant passer certaines molécules, et en bloquant d'autres.
Trouble somatoformeEn médecine un trouble somatoforme est évoqué dans certaines situations d'incertitude quand le diagnostic différentiel n'a pas permis d'identifier les causes des symptômes d'un patient (face à des ). En psychologie, un trouble somatoforme est un trouble mental caractérisé par des symptômes physiques évoquant une blessure ou une maladie physique – les symptômes ne peuvent être pleinement expliqués par une condition médicale générale, des effets directement causés par une substance ou attribués à un autre trouble mental (ex.
Equality of outcomeEquality of outcome, equality of condition, or equality of results is a political concept which is central to some political ideologies and is used in some political discourse, often in contrast to the term equality of opportunity. It describes a state in which all people have approximately the same material wealth and income, or in which the general economic conditions of everyone's lives are alike.
Thérapie rationnelle-émotiveLa thérapie rationnelle-émotive (abrégée parfois PCER, TCER, TREC, TER, en français; ou RT, RET puis TREC en anglais) est une pratique psychothérapeutique empirique et directive, à fondements philosophiques, qui vise à soulager les individus souffrant de difficultés psychologiques (émotion et comportement). C'est une des principales formes de psychothérapie cognitivo-comportementale. Elle a été développée par Albert Ellis à partir de 1956 sous le nom de . En 1959 cette méthode prit le nom de et en 1992 celui de (TREC ).
Behavior analysis of child developmentThe behavioral analysis of child development originates from John B. Watson's behaviorism. In 1948, Sidney Bijou took a position as associate professor of psychology at the University of Washington and served as director of the university's Institute of Child Development. Under his leadership, the Institute added a child development clinic and nursery school classrooms where they conducted research that would later accumulate into the area that would be called "Behavior Analysis of Child Development".
Syndrome de WilliamsLe syndrome de Williams (SW), ou syndrome de Williams et Beuren, est l’association d’un retard mental, d’une cardiopathie congénitale, d’un faciès et d’un comportement hypersocial caractéristiques de l’individu affecté. Il existe également des anomalies diverses du tissu conjonctif, et il y a possible hypercalcémie. La recherche sur les gènes impliqués dans le syndrome de Williams a permis de comprendre le rôle de gènes impliqués dans les comportements sociaux chez l'humain et les animaux.
