Variable renewable energyVariable renewable energy (VRE) or intermittent renewable energy sources (IRES) are renewable energy sources that are not dispatchable due to their fluctuating nature, such as wind power and solar power, as opposed to controllable renewable energy sources, such as dammed hydroelectricity or biomass, or relatively constant sources, such as geothermal power. The use of small amounts of intermittent power has little effect on grid operations. Using larger amounts of intermittent power may require upgrades or even a redesign of the grid infrastructure.
Dynamic frequency scalingDynamic frequency scaling (also known as CPU throttling) is a power management technique in computer architecture whereby the frequency of a microprocessor can be automatically adjusted "on the fly" depending on the actual needs, to conserve power and reduce the amount of heat generated by the chip. Dynamic frequency scaling helps preserve battery on mobile devices and decrease cooling cost and noise on quiet computing settings, or can be useful as a security measure for overheated systems (e.g.
Photovoltaic systemA photovoltaic system, also PV system or solar power system, is an electric power system designed to supply usable solar power by means of photovoltaics. It consists of an arrangement of several components, including solar panels to absorb and convert sunlight into electricity, a solar inverter to convert the output from direct to alternating current, as well as mounting, cabling, and other electrical accessories to set up a working system. It may also use a solar tracking system to improve the system's overall performance and include an integrated battery.
Circuits statiques et dynamiquesIn integrated circuit design, dynamic logic (or sometimes clocked logic) is a design methodology in combinational logic circuits, particularly those implemented in metal–oxide–semiconductor (MOS) technology. It is distinguished from the so-called static logic by exploiting temporary storage of information in stray and gate capacitances. It was popular in the 1970s and has seen a recent resurgence in the design of high-speed digital electronics, particularly central processing units (CPUs).
Battery storage power stationA battery storage power station is a type of energy storage power station that uses a group of batteries to store electrical energy. Battery storage is the fastest responding dispatchable source of power on electric grids, and it is used to stabilise those grids, as battery storage can transition from standby to full power in under a second to deal with grid contingencies. Battery storage power stations are generally designed to be able to output at their full rated power for several hours.
Énergie éolienneL’énergie éolienne est l'énergie du vent, dont la force motrice (énergie cinétique) est utilisée dans le déplacement de voiliers et autres véhicules ou transformée au moyen d'un dispositif aérogénérateur, comme une éolienne ou un moulin à vent, en une énergie diversement utilisable. L'énergie éolienne est une énergie renouvelable. L'énergie éolienne est une source d'énergie intermittente qui n'est pas produite à la demande, mais selon les conditions météorologiques ; elle nécessite donc des installations de production ou de stockage en remplacement pendant ses périodes d'indisponibilité.
Stimulation cérébrale profondeLa est un traitement médical invasif consistant à implanter chirurgicalement dans le cerveau des électrodes, connectées à un boîtier mis en place sous la peau et qui délivre un courant électrique de faible intensité dans certaines structures spécifiques situées en profondeur de cet organe comme le thalamus ou certains noyaux des ganglions de la base, comme le noyau sous-thalamique ou le globus pallidus.
Power semiconductor deviceA power semiconductor device is a semiconductor device used as a switch or rectifier in power electronics (for example in a switch-mode power supply). Such a device is also called a power device or, when used in an integrated circuit, a power IC. A power semiconductor device is usually used in "commutation mode" (i.e., it is either on or off), and therefore has a design optimized for such usage; it should usually not be used in linear operation. Linear power circuits are widespread as voltage regulators, audio amplifiers, and radio frequency amplifiers.
Stimulation transcrânienne à courant directLa stimulation transcrânienne à courant direct ou stimulation transcrânienne à courant continu (tDCS) est une technique d’électrostimulation du cerveau, ou stimulation électrique transcrânienne (tES). Elle permet de moduler l'excitabilité corticospinale : deux électrodes, une anode (excitatrice) et une cathode (inhibitrice), sont positionnées sur le crâne en fonction des régions dont on souhaite influencer le fonctionnement.
Stimulation magnétique transcrânienneLa stimulation magnétique transcrânienne (ou TMS, abréviation de l'Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation) est une technique médicale de stimulation transcrânienne utilisée dans le diagnostic et dans le traitement de certaines affections psychiatriques et neurologiques (il s'agit alors en général de rTMS repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation). C'est également un instrument de recherche en neurosciences. La stimulation magnétique du cortex cérébral fut décrite pour la première fois par Arsène d'Arsonval en 1896.
